Fresh happiness treasure trove
Frisch Glück was an important treasure trove in the Johanngeorgenstadt mountain area in the Saxon Ore Mountains . Unfortunately, several so-called mining registers can no longer be found and therefore some periods of their operational history are still in the dark. Likewise, the quantities of ore and certain height specifications in the main shaft contradict each other several times. A comprehensive account of the company's history has not yet been published.
Geographical location
The mouth hole of the Aufschlagösche started in 1839 and the kaue built in 1844 are still located in the Wittigsthal district not far from the road border crossing to the Czech Republic and serve as access to the Frisch Glück “Glöckl” teaching and show mine. The facilities are technical monuments.
history
Due to the close proximity to neighboring mine fields , gang disputes were not absent. The solution to these often deadlocked conflicts were so-called communal pit fields. However, financial motives were also decisive for the pit fields described below.
Fresh luck own field
On the middle Fastenberg , on which Johanngeorgenstadt extends, several pits were operated in the 17th century to mine directly adjacent ore veins . This also included the fresh luck mine awarded in the Reminiscere quarter of 1671 . The pit was driven over the Frisch-Glück-Stolln at approx. 697 m above sea level . After sporadic silver finds during the tunneling of the tunnel on the Frisch Glück Spat , this treasure trove was able to deliver 1.0 kg of silver for the first time in the Crucis quarter of 1682. The next and then permanent dawn came three years later. On February 20, 1686, a treasure trove and its 1st to 8th upper dimensions were inherited . Another award took place on June 30, 1696 with the upper 9th to 16th degree. By the end of 1722, 6,373 kg of silver had been extracted. In addition, the mine received half of the silver produced from the mine field, which was cultivated together with Neujahr Maßen under the name Römisch Adler . By the end of 1722 that was 1614 kg.
In the years up to 1749 this treasure trove was able to show steadily a smaller silver yield. From the quarter of Trinity 1749 to approx. 1758 silver finds were not found despite further excavation work. In 1767 the Churfürstliche Bergbaukasse was founded to support the Johanngeorgenstadt mining industry. Kuxe bought them from promising treasure troves. Of the 170 kuxes from 8 treasure troves, 15 were from Frisch Glück . Another form of support was the payment of specific advances from various government-funded mining coffers. The fresh luck treasure trove received an advance payment of 13,400 thalers between 1767 and 1822.
The important 78-Lachter route was driven from 1769 after the hesitant sinking of the Frisch Glücker Kunstschacht . The further depth of this shaft took place from 1775 together with God-blessed Immanuel . The attack on the so-called 95-Lachter route took place in 1777 in a westerly direction. Due to various comparisons or contracts with other treasure troves, Frisch Glück built its own field or, after merging with the New Year in 1828, only up to the 78-Lachter route until the final merger as United Field in Fastenberge . However, there was no significant silver revenue.
Roman eagle
Under this name, Frisch Glück and Neujahrs Maaßen jointly operated a very important and productive mine field.
Fresh Happiness and New Year's Measures communal field
This pit field was built in 1755 and is not synonymous with Roman eagle.
Fresh happiness and grace God's common field
Fresh luck and Samueli's common field
In 1694 a breakthrough took place in the neighboring mine field of the Samuelis mine . After four years of gang dispute, an agreement was reached on a joint pit field in this disputed area.
God-blessed Immanuel and Frisch Glück common field
This pit field was located east of the Frisch Glücker Kunstschacht.
Frisch Glück and St. Georgen communal field
United Field of the Six Pits
The treasure trove received a central position through a civil engineering project drawn up in 1774 by the General Mining Commissioner and Privy Councilor Friedrich Anton von Heynitz . The aim was to find new ore deposits on deeper levels. Mining captain Carl Wilhelm Benno von Heynitz presented this civil engineering project in more detail in a mining inspection report from 1784 . The plan was u. a. the outcrop of the Fastenberg in a deep main depth. For this purpose, Frisch Glück, God's blessed Immanuel, New Year with Georg Wagsfort, New Year's Maasen, Roman Eagle and God's Grace and New Year's Maasen from the 95-Lachter route formed a common minefield. As part of a main comparison in 1786, the pits mentioned merged at and above this depth. The shaft was brought down to a total depth of 305 m at 397 m above sea level and the 95-Lachter route (527 m above sea level) was driven further, the 120-Lachter (481 m above sea level) and 140-Lachter (448 m above sea level) routes NN) newly posted. However, expectations of rich and persistent ore deposits in these depths were not fulfilled. The shaft depth was set at 410 m above sea level and in 1798 the Frisch Glück Kunst und Treibeschacht below the 120-Lachter route was abandoned. The further work then took place in the area of the New Year's Spates . From 1804 this combined field or civil engineering project was called Orkus or Orcus . After the hopelessness of the entire company became clear, the stretches below the St. Georg (en) tunnel , the deepest water- dissolving tunnel in the mine field, were given up in 1812 . This civil engineering company ended.
The establishment of Vereinigt Feld im Fastenberge in 1838 ended the existence of the Frisch Glück Fundgrube . Only the name of the main shaft remains.
United field in the Fastenberge
With a new attempt to investigate the deep parts of the district, chief miner Siegmund August Wolfgang Freiherr von Herder pushed ahead with a civil engineering project from 1834, the core of which was the overcoming of the Frisch Glück art and drift shaft . The creation of a large mine field was necessary for this project. To achieve this, seven mining operations were combined and, in the quarter of Reminiscere 1838, the Vereinigt Feld im Fastenberge company was founded.
In 1838, the drive of the St. Georg (en) tunnel began from the direction of the Hinteres Neujahrer Kunstschachtes zum Frisch Glück art and driving shaft . In 1839, the excavation of the impact gully, located 5 m above the old Frisch-Glück-Stolln , began. In 1844, with a cost of 7,478 thalers, the surcharge, the ditch from the Breitenbach to the mouth hole of the saddle and the artificial bike room including the artificial bike were completed so that the artifacts could be protected. In 1846 the construction of the conveyor system (Kehrrad) was finished and the shaft was put into operation. From the shaft to the mouth hole, the impact chute was extended over a length of 160 m with iron rails for extraction. In 1848 the excavation of the shaft reached the 78 Lachter level (557 m above sea level). This enabled the overcoming of the 78 Lachter route to the Römisch Adler Kunstschacht to begin. In 1852 there was a breakthrough into the Schaarschacht on this route . In 1853 the excavation of the shaft reached the 120-Lachter level. In 1859, the installation of a second piece of art was put into operation to further open up the shaft between the 32 and 78 Lachter levels. In 1860, after driving 394 m on the 78-Lachter-sole, the breakthrough into the underground workings on the Gottes Segen Spat was reached . In 1862, with the overcoming of the Frisch Glück art and drift shaft, the shaft's deepest was reached and the shaft was further sunk 4 m laterally offset. In 1863 the 160-Lachter-sole was struck at 392 m above sea level. In 1867, the shaft was driven to the underlying granite at 366 m above sea level and sinking was stopped. The shaft had thus reached a total depth of 336 m. The Frisch Glück Spat, which was between 14 and 23 cm thick, was completely deaf. As a result, work was stopped. The area was still kept water-free via the Frisch Glück artificial and driving shaft up to the 60-Lachter-sole.
In 1892 the work to clear the shaft was started and a new artificial wheel was installed to swamp the underground structures. The aim of this work was the deep exploration of God's blessing Spate for the investigation of uranium ores. The price of bismuth, which fell by 60 percent in 1896, led to the demolition of the swamp work and the layoff of 55 percent of the workforce. It was not until 1906 that the 60-Lachter sole was swamped. By 1910, the old Kehrrad had been demolished and the Kehrradstube was expanded to serve as a water reservoir for the turbine installed on the bottom of the St. Georg Stolln to generate electricity. The shaft had been expanded with rails up to the 50 Lachter level. In 1912 an electric drum hoist was installed in the shaft. The overburden had reached the 78 Lachter level and the shaft had been fully expanded up to that point. In 1913 the two-section conveyor system up to the 78-Lachter-Sole was put into operation. It was not until 1920 that the work to search for uranium ores , which had been interrupted during the First World War , was resumed. The shaft was connected to the power station in Schwarzenberg . In 1922, a compressor system for the operation of rotary hammers was set up on the bottom of the St. Georg Stolln . In 1924, on the 95-Lachter-sole, which had been overcome in the meantime, the re-opening of the cross-cut to God's blessing Spat began. In order to relieve the overburdened dewatering, which also has to lift the waters of the grace of God Revier (Schaarschacht), the connection to the New Year's field on the 36-Lachter-sole was tapped. After several interruptions due to lack of money, the god blessing Spat was reached with the cross passage on the 95-Lachter-Sole in January 1930 . On July 6, 1931, a storm caused a water ingress from the mine workings that reached as far as Bohemia. The civil engineering had to be given up. Due to the poor financial situation of the Vereinigt Feld mine, there was no overhaul over the next few years. It was not until January 1935 that the shaft began to swell and in June 1935 it reached the 95-Lachter level. The shaft was rebuilt and prepared for extraction. After parts of the 78-Lachter-Sole had been worked through, the Georg Wagsfort Spat and the newborn child Flache Uranerz were approached here by means of a cross-passage in a northerly direction in April 1936. This cross passage was finally stopped in April 1939 with a total excavation of 451 m. The newborn child Flache was extensively examined in 1938 and Georg Wagsfort Spat in 1939. The passages were 1–2 cm (max. 10 cm). 38.9 kg of U 3 O 8 were obtained in this investigation . Until the end of the Second World War , the shaft was only important for drainage. Due to the self-sufficient energy supply, the mine building could also be kept water-free in 1945.
In order to expand the supply base, the union entered into negotiations from March 1943 to purchase the mine fields in Breitenbach . A purchase contract drawn up on November 17 did not come into force, as a mortgage registered on September 9, 1857 could not be clarified by March 31, 1945.
In a report drawn up by Oscar Walter Oelsner on October 4, 1945 , he put the amount of uranium ore in the mining area at 80 - 90 t U 3 O 8 .
In autumn 1945 the mine was visited for the first time by Soviet geologists. The reconstruction of the shaft, which had already begun in autumn 1945 by Sachsenz Bergwerks AG , was continued in 1946. After the shaft system was taken over by the Soviet occupying forces on July 15, 1946, the shaft became shaft 1 of what was later to become Wismut AG and the main production shaft of object 01 . In the same year, 7.6 tons of uranium ore were extracted here. Between 1947 and 1949 the shaft was extensively reconstructed while still in full operation. In order to cope with the mountain masses conveyed via the shaft, it became necessary to replace the single-track Frisch Glück Rösche . For this purpose, a new double-track tunnel was driven up to the shaft. To the left and right of the shaft tube, two new machine rooms were opened and equipped with drum hoisting machines. Funding was then provided through two ski lifts . The entry and exit of the team took place via ladder drives. The shaft was opened up to the 160 Lachter level. However, it was only used as a shaft up to the 120-Lachter level. The shaft tube, which was set down on this floor and sunk further in a smaller cross-section, prevented deeper extraction. From the newly excavated 180-Lachter level in the area, the shaft tube was approached with a flood to dissolve water. From 1953/54 the shaft was only used for drainage and as an escape route. After the cessation of mining in 1958 and the subsequent dismantling, the last shift was carried out on the shaft on June 12, 1959.
The show mine
In 1959, the old, very dilapidated chew of the Aufschlageschösche was demolished by the miners of the Wismut and rebuilt in 1500 NAW ( national construction ) hours. On October 3, 1959, the Kaue was given to the city as a cultural monument as "Glöckl". In 1973 the facility was expanded into a show mine. To this day, the mobile areas have been expanded and redesigned underground. After the vault at the mouth hole collapsed in the former opening gully used as access to the show mine, the cheek was torn down and rebuilt in 2003 by the Johanngeorgenstadt company Harald Reinhold based on original designs. The mouth hole itself was also redeveloped to prevent further hazards for visitor traffic.
swell
literature
- Calendar for the Saxon mountain and hut man 1827 to 1851 Royal Bergakademie Freiberg
- Yearbook for the mountain and hut man 1852 to 1872 Royal Bergakademie zu Freiberg
- Yearbook for mining and metallurgy in the Kingdom of Saxony from 1873 to 1917
- Yearbook for mining and metallurgy in Saxony 1918 to 1934
- Johann Christian Engelschall: Description of the exiles and mountain town Johann Georgen city . Friedrich Lanckischen's heirs and Christoph Kircheisen, Leipzig 1723.
- Otfried Wagenbreth et al .: Mining in the Ore Mountains. Technical monuments and history . Ed .: Otfried Wagenbreth, Eberhard Wächtler . 1st edition. German publishing house for basic industry, Leipzig 1990, ISBN 3-342-00509-2 , p. 292-299 .
- Frank Teller: Mining and mining town Johanngeorgenstadt . Förderverein Pferdegöpel Johanngeorgenstadt eV, Johanngeorgenstadt 2001.
- Frank Teller : change, change, change . Förderverein Pferdegöpel Johanngeorgenstadt eV, Johanngeorgenstadt 2009.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Johann Christian Engelschall : Description of the exiles and mountain town Johann Georgen city . Friedrich Lanckischen's heirs and Christoph Kircheisen, Leipzig 1723, p. 176 .
Coordinates: 50 ° 25 '42 " N , 12 ° 43' 53" E