Sachsenz Bergwerks AG
| Sachsenz Bergwerks AG | |
|---|---|
| legal form | Corporation |
| founding | April 1, 1944 |
| resolution | November 24, 1948 |
| Reason for dissolution | liquidation |
| Seat | Freiberg |
| Branch | Mining |
The Sachsenz Bergwerks AG was an amalgamation of several state-owned ore mining companies in the state of Saxony .
founding
On February 21, 1944, Friedrich Wernicke pointed out the untenable conditions in Saxon ore mining in a lecture and proposed the merger of the six state-owned mining companies. These mining companies had six supervisory boards and executive boards that were disproportionate to the size of the operations. Furthermore, profit taxes could be saved through a merger, since some companies supply ores in the bonus procedure and these are not taken into account for tax purposes. The higher profit goes to the Soil Research Office, which is contractually involved in the company's net profit. One of the main reasons for the creation of a unified society, however, was the appearance in the European area to enlarge and secure its own raw material base.
Martin Mutschmann , Reich Governor for Saxony, agreed to this merger proposal .
In the merger agreements were the capital of Sachsenerz mine mbH and the Kuxe the participating mine unions in shares of hybrid Stocks AG transferred. For this purpose a capital increase of Zwitterstocks AG by the brought in 6,250,000 RM became necessary.
| Mining company | contributed capital in RM | Kuxe per share at 1000 RM |
|---|---|---|
| Sachsenz Bergwerksgesellschaft mbH | 2,790,000 | |
| Zinnwalder Mining Union in Zinnwald | 1,485,000 | 4.0405 |
| Halsbrücker Mining Union in Halsbrücke | 1,200,000 | 3.3334 |
| Schneeberger Mining Union in Schneeberg | 725,000 | 3.10346 |
| Union United Field in Fastenberg in Schneeberg | 50,000 | 16.618 |
| Zwitterstocks AG in Altenberg | 1,500.00 |
The four mining unions signed the merger agreements on September 15, 1944. Sachsenz Bergwerksgesellschaft mbH on September 22, 1944.
Zwitterstocks AG Altenberg applied to Martin Mutschmann to amend the articles of association and to increase the capital on August 16. This approved this process on August 26, 1944. At the general meeting of Zwitterstocks AG on September 22, 1944, the resolution to merge the six companies and the resolution to increase the capital were approved. The company was renamed Sachsenz Bergwerks AG and the headquarters moved from Altenberg to Freiberg.
The merger agreement came into effect retrospectively on April 1, 1944. The new company was entered in the commercial register under number HRB 36 on November 28, 1944.
Chairman of the Supervisory Board: Mining Captain Friedrich Wernicke , Freiberg
Board:
-Mountain director Hans Junker, Freiberg
-Mountain director Otto Eisentraut, Altenberg
business director:
-E. Brockhaus, Freiberg
Procuration:
-E. Brockhaus, Freiberg
- Hut director Kurt Peukert, Freiberg
- Operations Director Alois Musil, Altenberg
-Director Josef Sacher, Altenberg
Supervisory board
-Obergrat Werner Hentrich, Berlin
- Hut director Gerhard Bruns, Freital
-Lord Mayor Werner Hartenstein , Freiberg
- Higher Government Councilor Max Müller, Freiberg
-Walland, Freiberg
The mining operations were broken down as follows.
| Operations management | business |
|---|---|
| Freiberg | Ascension treasure trove |
| Neck bridge | |
| Ehrenfriedersdorf | Ehrenfriedersdorf |
| Zschorlau | |
| Breitenbrunn | |
| Tannenberg | |
| Altenberg | Sadisdorf |
| Hermaphrodite | |
| Tin forest | |
| Pearl barley | |
| Black water treatment | |
| Schneeberg | Schneeberg |
| Martin Römer | |
| Schönficht | |
| Early penance | |
| Johanngeorgenstadt | Johanngeorgenstadt |
| Antonsthal | |
| Neubulach | |
| Tin hut Freiberg |
Bergdirektor Hans Junker was responsible for the operating departments Freiberg, Ehrenfriedersdorf, Neubulach and the supervision of the mine in Schneeberg (South Tyrol) , as well as the Tiroler Erzbergbau GmbH. Mountain director Otto Eisentraut was responsible for the Altenberg, Schneeberg and the Freiberg tin works. He was also responsible for the operations in Spain, the Balkans and Norway. In addition to Hans Junker as a deputy, he was the union director of the Sudetenerz union based in Abertham .
The development in 1944/45
The further development is shaped by the course of the war. Until April 1945, efforts were made desperately to bring into production, in addition to the plants that were already in operation and extracting plants, other plants that were being opened up or being worked on. Although the money required was not an issue, it became increasingly difficult to provide material and labor. In November 1944, Halsbrücke (lead, zinc), Ehrenfriedersdorf (tin), Tannenberg (tin), Sadisdorf (tin, tungsten), Altenberg (tin), Zinnwald military shaft (tin, tungsten), Frühbuß (tin), Zschorlau were promoted in November 1944 (Wolfram), Breitenbrunn (iron ore, fluorspar), Johanngeorgenstadt (bismuth) and Schneeberg (cobalt, bismuth). At the end of the war, the work-up and investigation in the Ascension Finding Pit in Freiberg was not yet completed.
- Barley operation (tin, molybdenum)
In the Graupen operations department , three parts of the deposit were examined. A tunnel was excavated in the Preiselberg district to investigate the old man's corridors. In the Steinknochen district, the old Martin tunnel was cleared and an investigation of the tin ore veins pending here began. Funding was not started and work was stopped in 1944. In the Knödelstock mining area, the molybdenum mineralization here was examined and mined from 1943 onwards. In 1944 the production rate averaged 210 tons of ore per month. ( 50 ° 42 ′ 18 ″ N , 13 ° 51 ′ 17.2 ″ E )
- Schönficht plant (bismuth, uranium)
In a report dated June 13, 1944, an operating plan for Schönficht was presented. The duration of the excavation work was estimated at 2 years. The cost is 600,000 RM. A report from December 8, 1944 shows that the pastor-Pössel-Stolln has been overcome and the depth of the new shaft is 5 meters ( 50 ° 3 '54.8 ″ N , 12 ° 36 ′ 56.5 ″ O )
- Neubulach plant (bismuth, copper)
A processing plant was to be built to process the dumps from the old mine. The costs were to be covered by a loan from the Saxon State Bank in the amount of RM 1,500,000. The production target was 20 tons of bismuth per year. The processing plant was operational at the end of the war. ( 48 ° 39 ′ 25.3 ″ N , 8 ° 42 ′ 18.7 ″ E )
- Operation Martin Römer (Wolfram)
A tungsten vein with a capacity of 10 t. Wolframite was examined and the work stopped in April 1945. The cost was 200,000 RM. ( 50 ° 37 ′ 20.4 ″ N , 12 ° 34 ′ 7.6 ″ E )
- Blessing of God Antonsthal (Wismut)
After a request to start bismuth mining in the Blessing of God Stolln in Antonsthal , the depth of a shaft began in the winter of 1944/45. The work was stopped at the end of the war. ( 50 ° 29 ′ 49.4 ″ N , 12 ° 45 ′ 46.9 ″ E )
- Rothenberg Erla (Roteisenstein)
On January 31, 1945, Sachsenz AG was commissioned to examine the possibility of promoting Roteisenstein. In a reply from March 1, 1945, the possibility of extraction in the area, which has been closed since 1870, is confirmed. There was no further work. ( 50 ° 30 ′ 51.6 ″ N , 12 ° 46 ′ 54.5 ″ E )
- Johanngeorgenstadt-Breitenbach (Wismut)
The Schneeberger Mining Union entered into negotiations in March 1943 to purchase the mining fields in Breitenbach . A purchase contract drawn up on November 17 did not come into force, as a mortgage registered on September 9, 1857 could not be clarified by March 31, 1945. ( 50 ° 25 ′ 51.7 ″ N , 12 ° 44 ′ 6.8 ″ E )
- Zinnwald-Kohlhau plant (processing)
In November 1944, construction of a cross-border processing plant began underground to process the ores. The investment was RM6,500,000. The planned daily throughput was 250 t of ore. The work was stopped at the end of the war. ( 50 ° 43 ′ 59.8 ″ N , 13 ° 46 ′ 10.3 ″ E )
- Sudentenerz Society Hengstererbe (tin)
In a report from the Mauritius mine dated June 2, 1944, it is assumed that, after the extensive work-out work and new excavations, it has become probable that sufficient ore resources will be found. Due to a lack of labor, work was stopped in October 1944. ( 50 ° 22 ′ 56.7 ″ N , 12 ° 49 ′ 29.1 ″ E )
- Tiroler Erzbergbaugesellschaft mbH (molybdenum)
On August 18, 1943, Sachsenz Bergwerksgesellschaft mbH took over 10 percent of the shares in the company. On January 8, 1944, Sachsenz AG took over another 40 percent of the Tyrolean mining company. There was no ore mining in the mine on the Alpeiner Scharte . ( 47 ° 2 ′ 13.9 ″ N , 11 ° 38 ′ 39.3 ″ E )
- Azienda Minerali Metallici Italiana (AMMI) Schneeberg Südtirol (lead, zinc)
On June 29, 1944, the Sachsenz Bergwerksgesellschaft mbH was entrusted with the provisional management of the zinc-lead ore mine in Schneeberg- Sterzing. The provisional management includes all rights and obligations. Up to the end of the war, an average of 235 tons of lead and 1000 tons of zinc per month were delivered. ( 46 ° 54 ′ 4.6 ″ N , 11 ° 13 ′ 43.7 ″ E )
- Kalesberg Trient (lead)
In a letter dated July 4, 1944, it was established that, despite multiple applications for mining permits, no permit had been received, as either the letters were lost or had not yet been processed. ( 46 ° 7 ′ 6.1 ″ N , 11 ° 10 ′ 32.9 ″ E )
Despite the most intensive efforts and immense investments, continuous operating profitability could not be achieved. Only the needs of the war economy for steel refiners and war-necessary metals such as lead , tin , zinc , bismuth , cobalt , tungsten , molybdenum, etc. could be partially covered by the work of Sachsenz Bergwerks AG.
Development after the Second World War
The situation in the operating departments immediately after the end of the war, in May 1945, was very different. The table shows the operating condition and ownership between May 1945 and May 1946.
| business | Status | possession |
|---|---|---|
| Ascension Treasure Trove Freiberg | dismantled | Sachsenz AG |
| Pit aid neck bridge | dismantled | Sachsenz AG |
| Zwitterstock Altenberg | dismantled | Sachsenz AG |
| Sadisdorf copper mine | Operation ceased maintenance work | Sachsenz AG |
| United field treasure trove Ehrenfriedersdorf | dismantled | Sachsenz AG |
| Zschorlau mountain blessing Zschorlau | Operation ceased maintenance work | Sachsenz AG |
| Tannenbergsthal tin mine | Operation ceased maintenance work | Sachsenz AG |
| St. Christoph treasure trove in Breitenbrunn | Operation ceased maintenance work | Sachsenz AG |
| United field in Fastenberg Johanngeorgenstadt | Operation ceased maintenance work | Sachsenz AG |
| Schneeberger Bergbau Schneeberg | Operation ceased maintenance work | Sachsenz AG |
| Zinnwald Operation military shaft | Operation stopped | ČSR |
| Zinnwald plant Kohlhau | Operation stopped | ČSR |
| Zinnwald operation pearl barley | Operation stopped | ČSR |
| Schneeberg operation Schönficht | Operation stopped | ČSR |
| Schneeberg operation early penance | Operation ceased maintenance work | ČSR |
| Operation Neubulach | dissolved | French zone of occupation |
| Black water treatment Altenberg | dismantled | Sachsenz AG |
| Tin hut Freiberg | dismantled | Sachsenz AG |
After the end of the war, the connection between the management in Freiberg and the companies in the unoccupied area ( Free Republic of Schwarzenberg ) and Czechoslovakia was broken. Efforts were made to obtain information about the state of the factories. So on May 25, 1945, the employee Franz Mende was sent to early penance. In Kadaň (Kaaden) he was arrested on May 30th despite valid papers and only released on June 23rd and sent back to Germany.
On June 20, the employee Martin Saby was sent to the companies located in the Western Ore Mountains. He was able to reach the Schneeberg, Zschorlau, Breitenbrunn and Johanngeorgenstadt factories in the Soviet occupation zone, in contrast to the Tannenbergsthal factory. This was in the American-occupied area and entering the area was illegal. He found all the operations undestroyed and ready for operation, as he explained in his final report of June 29th. Saby was later arrested and died on March 18, 1947 in special camp No. 1 in Mühlberg .
The supervisory board members Friedrich Wernicke, Werner Hentrich and Gerhard Bruns fled to the western zones. Werner Hartenstein was arrested and died in 1947 in the special camp Jamlitz . Board member Otto Eisentraut was also arrested. He died on January 16, 1947 in special camp No. 1 in Mühlberg. Nothing is known about the whereabouts of supervisory board member Walland and board member Hans Junker.
The chief hut director Rudolf Richter was appointed provisionally to the board. In addition to the remaining Upper Government Councilor Max Müller, Franz Brenthel was appointed to the Supervisory Board. The commercial director E. Brockhaus remained in office. Bergdirektor Willy Rumscheidt received further power of attorney.
This executive committee did not last long. Rudolf Richter was arrested at the beginning of 1946 and Franz Brenthel was released at the end of 1946.
On June 4, 1946, Order No. 23 was issued by the Deputy Chief of the SMA, Major General Dubrowski, to rebuild the pits and to resume mining at the Freiberg, Halsbrücke, Tannenberg, Zschorlau, Sadisdorf, Altenberg, Schneeberg, Johanngeorgenstadt pits and Breitenbrunn.
On August 1, 1946, the industrial administration 6 was established by the state administration of Saxony. The mining operations of Sachsenz AG were subordinated to her. In November 1946 the workforce in the factories was 69 salaried employees and 1,026 workers. The numbers do not include the Schneeberg and Johanngeorgenstadt establishments. On July 15, 1946, the mining facilities of the Johanngeorgenstadt Revier were confiscated by Soviet military units and declared a military exclusion zone. The number of employees was 700 in November. In August 1946, the mining facilities in the Schneeberger Revier were also confiscated. The number of employees in December was 2,300. In November 1946, the Breitenbrunn mining area was also confiscated by Soviet military units. The wages paid for these 3 companies continued to be processed by Sachsenz AG.
On May 30, 1947, the plants of the 3 companies were transferred to Soviet ownership on the basis of order No. 131 of the SMA Saxony. After the Wismut AG branch was entered in the commercial register in Aue on July 2, 1947, they were placed directly under the Wismut AG headquarters as Object 01 , Object 03 and Object 08 .
The Zschorlauer Bergsegen company was temporarily taken over by Wismut on December 1, 1946.
A meeting on January 27, 1947 made the problematic legal status of Sachsenz AG clear. In terms of the referendum of June 30, 1946, the AG is not a state-owned company. They could not be declared a state-owned company either, since in this case the question of old debts from the period before May 8, 1945 would not have been clarified. Nationalization according to Section 235 of the Stock Corporation Act was thus excluded. The AG must therefore be reorganized.
After the passing of the law on the transfer of ore mining operations into state ownership of May 28, 1947, the state government assumed that the operations of Sachsenz AG were also subject to this law. However, this was questioned by the industrial administration 6. In a letter dated July 2, 1947, she pointed out to the state government that the operations of Sachsenz AG were not listed among the operations named in the law. In the response from the state government of September 3, 1947, it was assumed that the operations of Sachsenz AG had been transferred to the industrial administration. However, debt relief cannot take place. This meant that Sachsz had no more assets. There is no clarity as to the further course of the company's dissolution.
The industrial administration 6 contradicted this representation again on September 23, 1947 and drew up a list of the shareholders.
| shareholder | Par value of the shares |
|---|---|
| State of Saxony | 1,123,900 RM |
| Saxon Bank Dresden | 3,300 RM |
| Saxon State Bank Dresden | 900 RM |
| City of Freiberg | 500 RM |
| Privately owned | 2900 RM |
| Capital increase in 1944 for the state of Saxony | 6,249,000 RM |
| Privately owned | 1000 RM |
| unknown | 368,500 RM |
| Total ownership | 7,750,000 RM |
The state of Saxony is the main shareholder with 95 percent of the shares. A proposal was made to create a new supervisory board. Since of the 6 members of the supervisory board only the deputy chairman of the Oberregierungsrat Max Müller was available, it was assumed that nothing stood in the way of the appointment of a new supervisory board. This would pave the way for an orderly liquidation of Sachsenz AG.
On January 27, 1948, 3 representatives were appointed before the registry court in Freiberg on behalf of the state of Saxony as the main shareholder for the period of the absence of the 5 members of the supervisory board. These are:
- Senior Councilor Adolf Reusch
- Director Kurt Schmidt
- Legal Counsel Georg Schröter
This supervisory board was then able to initiate the liquidation of Sachsenz AG at a general meeting.
In a letter from the state government dated March 25, 1948, the industrial administration 6 was informed that the law of May 28, 1947 passed the state ownership of Sachsenz AG and that it will be subject to industrial administration with retroactive effect from January 1, 1948.
On May 26, 1948, this procedure was revised and Sachserz AG was incorporated into VVB Buntmetall, which was founded on July 1, 1948.
On August 26, 1948, the State-Sächsische Hütten- und Blaufarbenwerke Freiberg applied to the Freiberg District Court to delete Sachsenz Bergwerks AG from the commercial register. The district court rejected this application, stating that only the state of Saxony as the main shareholder can make this application. The main metallurgy administration in Berlin was informed of the rejection.
On November 24, 1948, the Sachsenz Bergwerks AG was deleted from the commercial register in the Freiberg district court.
literature
- W. Jobst, W. Rentzsch: Mines in the Freiberg region. Freiberg 1993, DNB 940070928 .
- R. Hirsch: Freiberg ore mining and the prospects for a resumption. In: Yearbook for mining and metallurgy in Saxony. Born in 1927, part B.
- F. Schumacher: About the possibilities of reviving the Saxon ore mining. Freiberg 1933, OCLC 315695736 .
- FA Wernicke: Five years of building up in ore mining and metalworking in Saxony. In: Metall und Erz, Vol. 35, 1938, pp. 304-314.
- H. Ebel: The Sachsenz concern. Product and component of German capitalism. Dissertation. Bergakademie Freiberg, Faculty of Engineering Economics, Freiberg 1963, DNB 481898964 .
- Tobias Wanielik, Frank Haeßler: The Sachsenz Bergwerks AG. Is it worth using sticks and irons? Technical work Advanced course in history, Geschwister-Scholl-Gymnasium Freiberg, Freiberg 2008.
- Activity reports from the State Mining Authority. In: Yearbook for mining and metallurgy in Saxony. Born in 1937, 1938.
- Freiberg mountain archive, inventory 40105-1 No. 0001/2, 0054/55, 0015, 0585, 0023, 0662, 0668, 1912, 1007, 1120, 1355, 1415, 1444, 1589.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Initiative group Lager Mühlberg e. V: Book of the Dead - Special Camp No. 1 of the Soviet NKVD, Mühlberg / Elbe. Mühlberg / Elbe 2008, ISBN 978-3-00-026999-8 , p. 160 .
- ^ Initiative group Lager Mühlberg e. V: Book of the Dead - Special Camp No. 1 of the Soviet NKVD, Mühlberg / Elbe. Mühlberg / Elbe 2008, ISBN 978-3-00-026999-8 , p. 65 .