Krupka

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Krupka
Krupka coat of arms
Krupka (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Ústecký kraj
District : Teplice
Area : 4660.5843 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 41 '  N , 13 ° 51'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 41 '4 "  N , 13 ° 51' 29"  E
Height: 300  m nm
Residents : 12,624 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code : 417 42
License plate : U
structure
Status: city
Districts: 9
administration
Mayor : PhDr. Ing.Zdeněk Matouš (status: 2018)
Address: Mariánské nám. 22/13, Bohosudov
417 42 Krupka 1
Municipality number: 567639
Website : www.krupka-mesto.cz
Location of Krupka in the Teplice district
map

Krupka ( German  Graupen ) is a town in Ústecký kraj in the Czech Republic . The well-preserved monument zone with buildings from the Gothic and Renaissance periods reminds of the historical importance and size of the old mountain town .

geography

Basin with the historical center of the city (on the right in the picture the Church of the Assumption)

Geographical location

The city is located in northern Bohemia at the foot of the southern slope of the Ore Mountains .

Community structure

Old town

The town consists of the districts Bohosudov ( Mariaschein ), Fojtovice ( Voitsdorf ), Horní Krupka ( upper caterpillars ), Krupka ( caterpillars ), Maršov ( marshes ), Nové Modlany ( New Modlan ), Soběchleby ( Sobochleben ), Unčín ( Hohenstein ) and Vrchoslav ( Rosenthal ). Basic settlement units are Bohosudov, Dolní Krupka ( Untergraupen ), Dolní Maršov ( Unter Maršov ), Fojtovice, Habartice ( Ebersdorf ), Horní Krupka, Krupka-střed, Kyšperk ( Geiersberg ), Maršov, Maršov-sídlišté, Maršov-sídliště s, Maršiště Mohelnice ( Müglitz ), Nové Modlany, Pod státní silnicí, Soběchleby, U Svatého Prokopa, Unčín and Vrchoslav.

The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Bohosudov, Fojtovice u Krupky, Habartice u Krupky, Horní Krupka, Krupka, Maršov u Krupky, Mohelnice u Krupky, Nové Modlany, Soběchleby u Krupky, Unčín u Krupky and Vrchoslav.

Neighboring places

Altenberg Petrovice (Peterswald), Telnice (Tellnitz)
Dubí (oak forest) Neighboring communities Chlumec (Kulm), Přestanov (Priesten)
Proboštov (Probstau), Teplice (Teplitz-Schönau) Srbice (Serbitz), Modlany (Modlan) Chabařovice (Karbitz)

history

Town and Castle Graupen in 1908

The history of the city is closely linked to tin mining in the eastern Ore Mountains . The place Graupen is said to have existed as early as 1146 , the first documented mention as a city comes from the year 1330 . After the first pewter finds, barley flourished in the 13th and 14th centuries. Graupen Castle was built around 1300 to protect the mines and the trade route .

During the Hussite Wars in 1426 and 1429, in the Thirty Years' War and after numerous city fires, the city was destroyed several times. The parish church of the Assumption of Mary appears in the construction books of 1384 and 1394, but since it was destroyed in 1633, it has only existed in its current form since 1669.

In 1478 the city rights were confirmed by King Wladislaw II and a city coat of arms (coat of arms) was awarded. In 1497 the Graupener Schützengesellschaft (the oldest shooting society in Bohemia) was founded.

The city changed hands several times. In 1529 it fell through purchase and in 1547 again through forced delivery to the King of Bohemia Ferdinand I and thus became a royal free mountain town . In 1557 Thimo V. von Colditz sold the Graupen estate with the castle to Kaspar von Schönburg . In the 17th century it was owned by Messrs Sternberg and was acquired by Count Franz Clary-Aldringen in 1710 .

Due to war damage and increasing competition, mining declined in the 17th century and Graupen turned into an industrial town, where the mining of lignite began at the beginning of the 19th century . In the 20th century, wolframite , molybdenite and fluorspar were extracted .

On August 5, 1904, a major fire destroyed parts of the lower district.

After the First World War , Graupen was added to the newly created Czechoslovakia in 1919 . In 1930 there were 4,082 people living in Graupen. Of these, 3,282 were German Bohemians and 364 were Czechs. Due to the Munich Agreement Groats belonged from 1938 to 1945 for the district of Teplice , Region of Usti nad Labem , in the German Reich District of Sudetenland . The German residents were expropriated and expelled in 1945 . After 1945 many new citizens from Central Bohemia, Slovaks and Roma moved to this region. In 1956 ore mining was stopped, and in 1969 fluorspar mining was also discontinued.

Population development

Until 1945 Graupen was mostly populated by German Bohemia , which were expelled.

Population development until 1945
year Residents Remarks
1830 1408 in 252 houses
1857 3403 on October 31st
1869 2320
1880 2904
1890 3304
1900 3543 German residents
1910 4102
1921 3882
1930 4092 according to other data, 3882 inhabitants, of which 3356 are Germans
1939 3912
Population since the end of the Second World War
year 1950 1 1961 2 1970 2 1980 3 1991 3 2001 3 2011 3
Residents 2943 8548 8320 9336 12620 13318 13147
1 Krupka with Vrchoslav
2 Krupka with Vrchoslav, Bohosudov, Fojtovice, Horní Krupka, Maršov, Nové Modlany and Unčín
3 Krupka with Vrchoslav, Bohosudov, Fojtovice, Horní Krupka, Maršov, Nové Modlany, Unčín and Soběchleby

Culture and sights

Pilgrimage Church of Mariaschein
Church of St. Anna with surrounding wall

Museums

Buildings

  • Pilgrimage church in Mariaschein in the Bohosudov district
  • Church of the Assumption ( Kostel Nanebevzetí Panny Marie ), built in the 13th century
  • Former hospital church of the Holy Spirit ( Špitalni kostel sv. Ducha ), first mentioned in 1454
  • St. Anna cemetery church ( Kostel sv. Anny ) from 1516
  • Ruins of the St. Prokop Church
  • Graupen Castle ( Hrad Krupka )
  • Ruins of the Geiersburg ( Hrad Kyšperk ) from the 14th century.

Others

"Alter Martin" visitor mine

Trivia

The American newspaper Chicago Daily Tribune reported in the fall of 1885 of a murder in the Bohemian "Sobachleben" when the miner Anton Blaschek killed his wife in her sleep with an ax on her skull. He himself then put an explosive device in his mouth "and succeeded in blowing out his brains so completely that scarcely any remnants were found of his head." Fortunately, according to the report, the two children who slept with their mother stayed away from her Explosion unharmed.

sons and daughters of the town

  • Ferdinand von Arlt (born April 18, 1812 in Obergraupen, Bohemia, † March 7, 1887 in Vienna), Austrian surgeon and ophthalmologist
  • Joseph Dittrich (born April 25, 1794 in Marschen, Bohemia; † October 5, 1853), Roman Catholic clergyman in Upper Lusatia

Town twinning

literature

Individual evidence

  1. http://www.uir.cz/obec/567639/Krupka
  2. Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/567639/Obec-Krupka
  4. http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/567639/Obec-Krupka
  5. http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/567639/Obec-Krupka
  6. ^ A b Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 1: Leitmeritzer Kreis , Prague 1833, pp. 203–207.
  7. Yearbooks of the Bohemian Museum of Natural and Regional Studies, History, Art and Literature . Volume 2, Prague 1831, p. 197, paragraph 15.
  8. Statistical overviews of the population and livestock in Austria . Vienna 1859, p. 39, right column .
  9. ^ Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon 6th edition, Volume 8, Leipzig and Vienna 1907, p. 253 .
  10. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Teplitz-Schönau district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  11. ^ Genealogy Sudetenland
  12. Historický lexikon obcí České republiky - 1869-2015. (PDF) Český statistický úřad, December 18, 2015, accessed on January 25, 2016 (Czech).
  13. Chicago Daily Tribune, November 29, 1885, p. 25

Web links

Commons : Krupka  - collection of images, videos and audio files