Lower Austria Bellflower
| Lower Austria Bellflower | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Campanula beckiana | ||||||||||||
| Hayek |
The Lower Austria bellflower or pelvic bellflower ( Campanula beckiana ) is only in Austria occurring type of bellflowers ( Campanula ).
features
The Lower Austria bellflower is a hemicryptophyte and becomes 25 to 60 cm high, rarely 15 to 80 cm. It doesn't grow fast. The turnip root is less pronounced than that of the otherwise similar Campanula witasekiana . It can also be absent entirely. The stems are glabrous or only hairy at the bottom on the edges. The flowering shoots are upright to short-arched ascending.
The rosette leaves are usually clearly heart-shaped. Rosette and lower stem leaves are mostly dried up before flowering. The middle and larger stem leaves are 7 to 14 mm wide and narrow-elliptical to narrow-lanceolate. They are usually 3 to 10 times as long as they are wide. The leaf margin is usually clearly indented. The upper side of the leaf is hairy, especially on the edge.
The flowers are in a multi-flowered panicle , at least the lower ones are stalked. The sepals are subpulate. The crown is 15 to 18 mm long. The crown is bell-shaped. The flower buds nod. Flowering time is June to September.
The pericarp is thin and elastic. The fruit is nodding to pendulous after flowering and when ripe. The capsule fruit opens near the lower end with three side holes.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 4x = 68.
Distribution and locations
The Lower Austria bellflower is endemic to the northeastern Alps. It occurs from the Vienna Woods to the mountains around the upper Traisental and to the Schneeberg . The area center is between Lilienfeld and Pernitz in the Piestingtal. It is considered safe. The isolated occurrences in the southwest of Slovenia ( Ternowaner Forest / Trnovski gozd) are not considered autochthonous .
It grows in forests, fringes, tall herbaceous fields, meadows and pasture lawns of the montane altitude range and occurs between 200 and 1200 meters above the Adriatic Sea . It has a wide ecological range. Their main occurrences are in Central European semi-arid grassland and pasture, Central European semi-arid grass fallow and warm and dry forest edges. Minor deposits are found in sub- to deep-montane beech forests.
There are threats to the type of fertilization and afforestation of nutrient-poor grassland, as well as succession of previously extensively used sites after the abandonment of use.
Systematics
Campanula beckiana belongs to the species group Campanula rotundifolia agg. It is also considered by some authors as a subspecies, as Campanula baumgartenii subsp. beckiana (Hayek) Podlech .
literature
- Manfred A. Fischer , Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 .
- M. Staudinger: Campanula beckiana. In: Wolfgang Rabitsch, Franz Essl: Endemites - Treasures in Austria's flora and fauna . Natural Science Association for Carinthia and the Federal Environment Agency, Klagenfurt and Vienna 2009. ISBN 978-3-85328-049-2 , pp. 105f.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Campanula - data sheet at World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Last accessed on April 6, 2016.