Nikola Tavelic

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Nikola Tavelić (depiction in a church window)

Nikola Tavelić (* around 1340 in Šibenik , today Croatia ; † November 14, 1391 in Jerusalem ) was a Franciscan . Tavelić is a saint of the Roman Catholic Church .

Nicholas Tavelic was priest of the Franciscan Order and a missionary . He dedicated his pastoral work particularly to missionary work and conversion to Christianity . Nikola Tavelić was the first Croat to be canonized as a saint in the Catholic Church .

Life

Nikola Tavelić comes from a Croatian noble family who lived in the city of Šibenik. He entered the Franciscan order in Bribir . It is believed that he completed his studies in theology in Zadar and philosophy in Split . He was ordained a priest in 1365.

Pope Gregory XI. In 1372 asked sixty well-trained Franciscans from different provinces to take on the Bogumils as missionaries in Bosnia . Nikola Tavelic was among them. After about twelve years of successful missionary work, around 50,000 people were converted by the Franciscans. Because of this missionary success, his superiors decided to send him to the Holy Land. In the Holy Land , he was arrived to the monastery of St. Savior on Mount Zion allocated. There he learned the Arabic language and prepared for his missionary work.

At that time, the Custodia Terrae Sanctae of the Franciscans was responsible for the entire Catholic pastoral care in the Holy Land . They also tried to do their missionary work among the ruling Muslims there . In addition, the Franciscans were almost the only order that cared for the sick, poor and pilgrims. In these areas of responsibility, St. Nikola Tavelić was involved in pastoral care. He especially felt the preaching of the Christian faith as his calling.

He was so firmly established in his calling that on November 11, 1391, he went to the Qādī of Jerusalem with the intention of sharing the gospel with him and converting him. Previously, his Guardian Gerard Chalvet expressed his consent to him and the Franciscan confreres Deodatus of Ruticinium , Peter of Narbonne and Stephen of Cúneo , who accompanied him, and gave them his blessing.

The missionary attempt angered the Qādī, his advisors and the Muslims present. Tavelić was sentenced to death with his Franciscan confreres. They were beaten up and thrown in the dungeon. On November 14, 1391, he and his three brothers were martyred in Jerusalem. They were torn to pieces and burned in front of the Jaffa Gate in Jerusalem.

Adoration

beatification

Nikola Tavelić and his companions were in 1889 by Pope Leo XIII. beatified.

canonization

The Croatian church historian Bazilije Pandžić (OFM), who was general archivist and annals writer of the Franciscan Order in Rome from 1947 to 1985 , published a “Positio” (Latin positiones ) on Nikola Tavelić in 1961, i.e. a historical-critical edition of Sources of the life and work of Tavelić to be canonized. Nine years later, on June 21, 1970, this “positio” led to the canonization of Nikola Tavelić by Pope Paul VI. .

Tavelić as namesake

In 1937 a church in honor of Tavelić was built on the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem.

Remembrance day

The feast day of the four martyrs, Tavelić and his three companions, is celebrated on November 14th.

literature

  • Antonio Crnica: Historico-iuridica dilucidatio. Vitae, martyrii et gloriae beati Nicolai Tavelic . Dissertation Gregorianae, Rome 1958.
  • Bazilije Pandžić: Sacra Rituum Congregatio, Sectio historica, n.12: Sebenicen. Declarationis martyrii B. Nicolai Tavelić sacerdotis professi Ordinis Fratrum Minorum in odium fidei, ut fertur, in civitate Ierusalem interfecti (+1391), Positio super martyrio ex officio concinnata . Typis Polyglotis Vaticanis 1961.
  • Odilo Lechner , Ulrich Schütz: With the saints through the year . Herder, Freiburg / B. 1988, ISBN 3-451-20485-1 , p. 228.
  • Dominik Mandić: Documenta martyrii beati Tavelic . Dissertation Gregorianae, Rome 1958.
  • Vera Schauber, Hanns Michael Schindler: saints and namesake in the course of the year . Pattloch, Augsburg 2001, ISBN 3-629-01642-1 , p. 587.
  • Josef Gelmi u. a .: Lexicon of names and saints . Edition Nikol, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-933203-63-5 , p. 609.
  • Ordo Fratrum Minorum : Franciscan Proprium. The celebration of the Liturgy of the Hours . Herder, Freiburg / B. 1987, pp. 372-375.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Pandžić, Bazilije Stjepan . HRVATSKA ENCIKLOPEDIJA, MREŽNO IZDANJE.
  2. ^ Bazilije Pandžić: Sacra Rituum Congregatio, Sectio historica, n.12: Sebenicen. Declarationis martyrii B. Nicolai Tavelić sacerdotis professi Ordinis Fratrum Minorum in odium fidei, ut fertur, in civitate Ierusalem interfecti (+1391), Positio super martyrio ex officio concinnata . Typis Polyglotis Vaticanis. Vatican 1961.


personal data
SURNAME Tavelic, Nikola
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Croatian Franciscan; Roman Catholic saint
DATE OF BIRTH around 1340
PLACE OF BIRTH Šibenik
DATE OF DEATH November 14, 1391
Place of death Jerusalem