Nikolai Markowitsch Emanuel
Nikolai Markovich Emanuel , Russian Николай Маркович Эмануэль (born September 18, jul. / 1. October 1915 greg. In Tim , † 8. December 1984 in Chernogolovka ) was a Russian chemist.
Emanuel studied from 1938 at the Polytechnic Institute in Leningrad and was then at the Institute for Chemical Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. In 1941 he was involved in the fighting for Leningrad, but was then evacuated to Kazan in 1942 to carry out research that was important to the war effort. In 1942 he received his doctorate. From 1944 he was assistant professor and from 1950 professor of physical chemistry at Lomonossow University . In 1949 he completed his habilitation (Russian doctorate).
He dealt with the kinetics of homogeneous chemical reactions (and was a leading Soviet specialist in the kinetics of reactions), the oxidation of fats and hydrocarbons (in the gas phase and in the liquid phase), and the aging and stabilization of polymers.
From 1964 he also dealt with cancer research. From 1978 he investigated alkyl nitrosoureas as a chemotherapeutic agent against cancer.
In 1958 he became a corresponding and in 1966 a full member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences . He was a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences . In 1977 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . In 1958 he received the Lenin Prize , he received the Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor twice , in 1977 he received the August Kekulé Medal , in 1981 he became a Hero of Socialist Labor and in 1983 he received the State Prize of the USSR . The Soviet Post honored him in 1985 on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of his birthday in the form of a 5 kopeck postage stamp with his portrait (print run 2,400,000).
literature
- Winfried R. Pötsch (lead), Annelore Fischer, Wolfgang Müller: Lexicon of important chemists , Harri Deutsch 1989, p. 134
Web links
- Russian biography
- Literature by and about Nikolai Markowitsch Emanuel in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ Member entry by Nikolaj M. Emanuel at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on February 6, 2016.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Emanuel, Nikolai Markowitsch |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian chemist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 1, 1915 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Tim |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 8, 1984 |
| Place of death | Chernogolovka |