Nikolaikirche Villach

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Nikolaikirche
South-east view

The Roman Catholic Nikolaikirche in Villach is a neo-Gothic church that is looked after by the local Franciscan monastery . The parish also includes the Oberwollanig and Sankt Magdalen branch churches .

history

A parish of St. Nicholas is mentioned for the first time in 1309. This original church stood southeast of today's church in Trattengasse. The parish, whose area lies north of the Drau , belonged to the Diocese of Ljubljana from 1461 to 1751 .

In 1627, in the course of the Counter Reformation, Capuchins were called to Villach, who in 1629–1633 built a church dedicated to St. Ludwig and a Capuchin monastery at the current site of the Nikolaikirche. The founders were Anna Maria Proy and Countess Ursula von Thannhausen. The damage to the buildings from the earthquake of 1690 was repaired again in 1691.

In a fire in 1786, the Capuchin Church, the library of the monastery and the church of St. Nicholas to the southeast suffered severe damage. In the same year the Capuchin Church became the seat of the parish of St. Nicholas. The following year the Capuchin monastery was closed and the former Capuchin church was converted into a parish church. A three-storey west tower with an onion dome was added and the monastery partially demolished.

In 1886 the parish was handed over to the Franciscans. A Franciscan monastery was built with the involvement of the former Capuchin parsonage. In 1888 the old monastery was demolished and replaced by a new building. In 1892 the former Capuchin Church was demolished and a neo-Gothic church was built in 1892–1893 based on a design by Peter Hüter and Father Johann Maria Reiter from Tyrol and consecrated in 1896. In 1906 St. Nikolai was promoted to parish.

The church suffered severe bomb damage during World War II. Windows and roof had to be renewed in 1945. In 1967, 1984 and 1995 further restorations took place, in 1981 the crypt was adapted for worship.

Building description

portal
View through the church
Main altar

The church is a neo-Gothic pillar basilica with a transept and a two-bay choir with a 3/8 end. The external appearance is accentuated by a plastered ashlar on the buttresses, building edges and windows in an otherwise calm trickle plaster surface. The main facade with a three-axis loggia under a monopitch roof and a three-part tracery window has an adiculan niche in the gable, in which there is a statue of Maria Immaculata. The four-storey tower in the southwest corner has diagonal buttresses and a steep pointed spire. The Franziskuskapelle with a 5/8 end is attached to the north side of the church . The monastery is attached to the choir.

The cross-rib vaulted central nave has a two-storey elevation without a triforium . The crossing with beveled pointed arches is one meter higher than the central nave. The transept has the same height as the central nave. The side aisles are open to the central nave and the transepts with pointed arch arcades. The drafted choir is increased by three levels. On the north side of the choir is the Johanneskapelle with a ribbed vault. The six large wall paintings above the arched arcades in the nave show scenes from the childhood of Jesus and were painted in the Nazarenes style by Emanuel Walch in 1895 .

Furnishing

Right side altar
Left side altar

The main altar and the two side altars were made by Clemens Raffeiner in 1896 based on designs by Father Johann Maria Reiter.

The high altar is a winged altar with a shrine containing the statue of St. Nicholas and four relief panels with scenes from the life of St. Francis , which were carved by Josef Bachleitner in 1896. Scenes from the life of St. are left at the side of the altar wings weekdays Virgilius and right of the death of St. Rupertus shown.

The figure of Maria Immaculate can be seen in the niche on the Altar of Mary and relief depictions from the life of the Evangelist John and shepherd scenes on the wings . On the Joseph altar stands the statue of St. "Joseph with child" between the sculptures of St. Pascal and Johannes Capistranus . The carved Stations of the Cross from 1896 is the work of Franz Schmalz from Val Gardena .

organ

The organ was built by the organ builder Pirchner. The slider chest instrument has 25 stops on two manuals and a pedal. The playing and stop actions are mechanical.

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Pommer 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. Wooden flute 8th'
4th Cane-covered 8th'
5. Octave 4 ′
6th Pointed flute 4 ′
7th Octave 2 ′
8th. Mixture V-VI 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
9. Cymbel III 1 ⁄ 2 ′
10. Trumpet 8th'
II breastwork C-g 3 (swellable)
11. Covered 8th'
12. Pointed Gamba 8th'
13. Principal 4 ′
14th Reed flute 4 ′
15th Forest flute 2 ′
16. Scharff IV 1'
17th Sesquialtera II (from g 0 ) 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
18th Krummhorn 8th'
Tremulant
Pedals C – f 1
19th Principal bass 16 ′
20th Sub-bass 16 ′
21st Octave bass 8th'
22nd Covered bass 8th'
23. Chorale bass 4 ′
24. Bombard 16 ′
25th trombone 8th'

literature

  • Dehio manual. The art monuments of Austria. Carinthia . Anton Schroll, Vienna 2001, ISBN 3-7031-0712-X , p. 1014 f.
  • Christian Brugger, Karin Leitner-Ruhe, Gottfried Biedermann: Modernism in Carinthia - with photos by Wim van der Kallen . Carinthia publishing house, Vienna / Graz / Klagenfurt 2009, ISBN 978-385378-582-9 , p. 29 f.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ More information about the organ ( Memento of the original from January 17, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.orgelland.at

Web links

Commons : Nikolai Church in Villach  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 46 ° 36 '58.3 "  N , 13 ° 50' 58.6"  E