Nordbahnstrasse
The approx. 1.15 km long Nordbahnstraße in Vienna is one of the streets in the 2nd district from the Praterstern traffic junction . It was named in 1873 by the Vienna City Council before the World Exhibition in Vienna in 1873 after the Northern Railway , which was the most important railway in Austria-Hungary at the time . A very small part at the northern beginning of the street has been part of the 20th district, which was then separated from the 2nd district, since 1900 .
history
- From Forstmeisterallee to Nordbahnstraße
The forerunner of the street was the Forstmeisterallee, which was laid out in 1775 at the time of the Prater regulation in the then wetlands of the unregulated Danube , named after the forester's house in Brigittenau (today 20th district).
In 1838 the Kaiser Ferdinands-Nordbahn started operating next to the avenue . The north station was built for them, the area of which gradually expanded. The imposing reception building of the station, which was used until war damage in 1945, was opened in 1865. In 1943/44 the trains with which Viennese Jews were brought to extermination camps in the east left here.
- Russian loop
After the Second World War , the 2nd district (like the 20th) with Nordbahnstrasse was part of the city's Soviet sector for ten years, until 1955 . Since then, the North Station has lost a large part of its importance , also because of the erection of the Iron Curtain . In order to temporarily connect the north station area and the connecting railway to the south station with the other bank of the Danube, the Soviet occupying power had the so-called Russian loop built from the easternmost corner of the north-west station to the westernmost tracks of the north station across the confluence of Taborstrasse and Nordbahnstrasse (see here ). The track connection was dismantled after the cessation of operations on May 31, 1959 (the day the northern railway bridge was opened to traffic).
- Demolition of the station ruins
1962–1965, the ruins of the Nordbahnhof reception building were torn down after they had served as a backdrop in several films in previous years. In one of these feature films, Nordbahnstrasse functioned as a street in Budapest in the 1956 Hungarian uprising .
- New buildings
Since the 1990s, the new northern railway district has been built on the railway site that is no longer required .
Location and building
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- 20th district
The Nordbahnstraße, which runs roughly in a north-south direction, connects in the north between the former railway grounds of the Nordwestbahn and Nordbahn to Dresdner Straße coming from Brigittenau (at their house no. 136); in reality this is only noticeable through a small bend in the road. Tram line 2 runs here. The houses at Nordbahnstrasse 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 are in the 20th district; the border to the 2nd district runs on the western side of the street on the sidewalk edge to the roadway in front of these houses. (On the eastern side of the street, here in the 2nd district, there is only the address Nordbahnstraße 1.)
- Intersection of Taborstrasse
A few meters to the south (between the houses on Nordbahnstrasse No. 10 and No. 12), Taborstrasse , one of the main streets of the 2nd district, crosses to the southwest ; Tram line 2 also turns into this street. For decades, there was only one junction to the south-west; to the east, Taborstrasse was extended into the northern railway district in the late 2010s . At the intersection with Taborstrasse, where the Russenschleife was once located (see the history section), there will be access to the park-like middle section of the north- west station area bordering Nordbahnstrasse .
- Tram line 5
Four blocks further between houses no.32 and no.34 from the west, the street called Am Tabor (with tram line 5) crosses Nordbahnstraße. The 5er , connection with Franz-Josefs-Bahnhof and Westbahnhof , has been running here as a transversal line since 1897 . At that time it was the first electrically operated tram line in Vienna . Since 1907, when the current line scheme was introduced, it has had line number 5. The street Am Tabor was also extended into the northern railway district.
- Haber-Hof and Mühlfeldgasse
Another three blocks to the south, between No. 48 and No. 50, Mühlfeldgasse joins Nordbahnstraße; Here is a track connection leading through Heinestrasse to Taborstrasse, which was last used by line 21 until 2008. It has not been used in line operations since the extension of the U2 came into operation and line 21 was closed. The Haber-Hof is located between Mühlfeldgasse and Darwingasse , a striking late-historical apartment building complex built in 1891 with domes on both corners.
On the entire eastern side of Nordbahnstrasse is the (former) Nordbahnhof area, which has been known as the Nordbahnviertel since around 2010. Until 1945, the Vienna Nordbahnhof had the main entrance on Nordbahnstraße for passenger traffic. The station building, no longer used after severe war damage, was demolished by 1965. Houses are to be built between Nordbahnstrasse and the railway line towards the street and green spaces towards the route. One of these green spaces is the Franziska-Löw-Park, which was laid out in 2018 behind the hotel, which opened in 2020, at number 47 . Schweidlgasse will also have an intersection between Taborstrasse and Am Tabor.
- Federal Railway Directorate
Opposite the station's reception building, which no longer exists, is at number 50, between Mühlfeldgasse and Kleiner Stadtgutgasse, the former Hotel Donau , built for the Vienna World Exhibition in 1873 , with its monumental facade design with eight allegorical figures. A few years later it was rededicated as a railway office building and still houses ÖBB offices to this day.
The Roman Bath, which no longer exists, was built behind this office building for the World Exhibition in 1873 .
- It flows into the Praterstern
One block after the ÖBB building, Nordbahnstraße ends after house number 56, at the corner of Praterstern 2, at the large Praterstern roundabout. Tram line 5 runs within the roundabout to the forecourt of Wien Praterstern station .
The continuation of the street after the Praterstern is Franzensbrückenstraße , which also runs in north-south direction and ends at the Danube Canal .
Individual evidence
- ^ Felix Czeike : Historical Lexicon Vienna. Volume 2: De-Gy. Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1993, ISBN 3-218-00544-2 , p. 350.
- ↑ Josef König (ed.): District Museum Leopoldstadt ( Wiener Geschichtsblätter , ed. Association for the History of the City of Vienna , Supplement 4/2007, p. 22)
- ^ Martin Putschögl: End of the area. In: Der Standard daily newspaper , Vienna, May 14, 2016, Supplement Immobilien-Standard , p. 1/2
- ^ Felix Czeike : Viennese district culture guide. 2. Leopoldstadt , Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1980, ISBN 3-7141-6225-9 , p. 29, Federal Railway Directorate building
literature
- Felix Czeike (Ed.): Nordbahnstraße. In: Historisches Lexikon Wien . Volume 4, Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1995, ISBN 3-218-00546-9 , p. 417 ( digitized version ).
Web links
- Nordbahnstraße in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna