Nordenskiöld Archipelago
| Nordenskiöld Archipelago | ||
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| Waters | Kara Sea | |
| Geographical location | 76 ° 45 ' N , 96 ° 0' E | |
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| Number of islands | 90 | |
| Main island | Russky | |
| Total land area | 309 km² | |
| Residents | uninhabited | |
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The Nordenskiöld Archipelago ( Russian архипелаг Норденшельда / archipelag Nordenschelda) is a Russian archipelago in the northeast of the Kara Sea , between Taimyr Peninsula and Severnaya Zemlya .
geography
The archipelago, named after Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld after the first passenger through the Northeast Passage , stretches for almost 100 kilometers in a west-east and around 80 kilometers in a north-south direction. The approximately 90 islands form several groups. The northernmost island is Russki (the Russian Island ), to the south of it are the Lütke Islands , the Ziwolka Islands , the Pachtussow Islands , the Vostochnye Islands ( East Islands ) and finally the Wilkizki Islands in the south of the archipelago . The archipelago is separated from the mainland and offshore islands such as Taimyr by the 10 to 20 kilometers wide Matissen Strait .
On the island of Tschabak , which belongs to the Wilkizki Islands, lies the highest point of the archipelago at 107 m .
history
The archipelago (as far as Russky Island) was first reached and described in the spring of 1740 by Nikifor Tschekin, a companion of Semyon Chelyuskin during the Great Nordic Expedition .
During the wintering of the schooner Zarya near the Taimyr peninsula in 1900, the archipelago was intensively explored. Expedition leader Eduard Toll sent captain Fjodor Matissen to a hydrographic, geographical and geological investigation of the Nordenskiöld archipelago. Matissen crossed the ice between the islands with dog sledges , measuring almost all of the islands and mapping them. Matissen also discovered new islands. Forty were named by him. He divided the archipelago into the four five groups in use today. From the 1930s onwards, Soviet expeditions with the icebreakers Georgi Sedow and Toros were active in the archipelago, with some islands being named after communist personalities.
A weather station was located on the northern tip of Russki from 1935 to 1999 . Since 1940 there has also been a temporary station (only in summer) on the south-easternmost island of the archipelago, Tyrtow Island , but it was abandoned before 1975. Otherwise the islands are uninhabited.
Since May 11, 1993, the entire archipelago with around 500,000 hectares has been one of the sections of the four million hectares large nature reserve Great Arctic Sapovednik (Russian Большой Арктический заповедник / Bolshoi Arktitscheski sapowednik). BirdLife International identifies it as an Important Bird Area (RU011).
Individual evidence
- ↑ The Great Arctic Sapowednik ( Memento of February 8, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- ^ William Barr, Baron Eduard Von Toll's Last Expedition. , ARCTIC Sept 1980
- ↑ FA Romanenko, OA Schilowzewa: Sudba rossijskich poljarnych stanzij na fone globalnowo poteplenija (The fate of polar stations of Russia against the background of global warming). In: Priroda , 9/2004. S. a. Archived copy ( memento of the original from October 9, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Russian)
- ↑ The Great Arctic Sapovednik on oopt.info (Russian)
- ↑ ibid.
- ↑ Nordenshel'da archipelago on the BirdLife International website, accessed on January 14, 2013.
