Obensburg
The Obensburg is an early medieval hill fort , which is on the same elevation of Höhenzugs piebald at Hameln in Lower Saxony is located. The complex, which was probably built as a refuge , was assigned to the time between the 9th and 11th centuries. Noble landlords in the area, possibly the Knights von Hastenbeck , could be considered as builders and users .
Location and name
The Wallburg is located about 1.2 km east of Hastenbeck in the wooded Schecken ridge, which is southeast of Hameln. The Schecken extends with its main ridge in a north-south direction and drops steeply to the west towards the towns of Hastenbeck and Afferde to the Weser lowlands . The Wallburg is at the highest point of the Obensburg elevation at 286 m above sea level. NN was created directly on the upper edge of the steep slope. It is about 500 meters away from the Sassenburg , which is also regarded as early medieval .
In addition to the current designation as Obensburg, other names have also been used for the facility, such as Ofensburg, Odinsburg, Hünstollen or Hünenkule.
description
The Obensburg is a fortification of 80 × 70 meters and an area of almost 0.5 ha. The steep slopes sloping to the south and south-west offered natural protection. They were made steeper by the builders by creating a terrace 8 meters lower. The north and east sides of the facility were secured by a 5 meter wide wall in a semicircle shape. Inside the wall are the remains of a 1.35 meter thick wall, the stones of which are connected with lime mortar. In front of the wall is a 5–9 meter wide trench that is up to one meter deep. The height difference between the crest of the wall and the bottom of the trench is still up to 2.5 meters today.
The Obensburg was accessed through a gate in the wall, which the prehistorian Carl Schuchhardt interpreted as a pincer gate around 1900 . He measured the complex during this time and included it in the atlas of the prehistoric fortifications in Lower Saxony.
About 200 meters southeast of the facility there is a road barrier on an old path leading to Obensburg. It consists of a 30 meter long up to 3.5 meter deep ditch and an almost 10 meter long and about one meter high wall section.
history
Within the Obensburg there is a hunting pavilion built around 1800 with a classicistic column porch, which belongs to Gut Diedersen . Excavations have not yet taken place on the Wallburg.
Battle of Hastenbeck
During the Seven Years' War , the battle of Hastenbeck between French troops and an allied observation army allied with Prussia took place west of the Schecken in 1757 . The Allies had stationed three hunting companies on the Obensburg . When the French troops advanced on July 26, 1757, they took the Obensburg and stood in the rear of the Allies, who shot them from above with 18 cannons. The Allies regained their position under Colonels von Breidenbach and von Dachenhausen, but they vacated it again soon afterwards.
interpretation
It is assumed that the Obensburg was built and used in the 9th - 11th centuries. The archaeologist Konrad Weidemann addressed the Obensburg as a refuge for a manor from the surrounding area. Such fortifications, which were not permanently inhabited, were used by the villagers in case of danger with their property, including cattle and crops. According to Konrad Weidemann, the manorial rule in the Middle Ages was owned by the Counts of Hallermund or passed to the Adelshof in Hastenbeck. There sat the knights of Hastenbeck, who had received fiefs in the 13th and 14th centuries from the Everstein counts and from 1408 from the Guelph dukes of Braunschweig-Lüneburg . The Obensburg was in the middle of the domain of the Knights of Hastenbeck, who had possessions in Hastenbeck and Diedersen to the east and west of Schecken . Around the year 1550 their line died out.
literature
- Hans-Wilhelm Heine : The prehistoric and early historical castle walls in the administrative district of Hanover. Hannover 2000, ISBN 3-7752-5645-8 , pp. 91-92.
Web links
- Entry by Stefan Eismann zu Obensburg in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- The Obensburg, the Schecken and the Battle of Hastenbeck at Hamelner-Geschichte.de
- Brief description of Obensburg at voremberg.de
Individual evidence
- ^ The Battle of Hastenbeck, July 26, 1757. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 25, 2014 ; Retrieved November 28, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Moritz Oppermann: The battle at Hastenbeck. CW Niemeyer, Hameln, 1957, pp. 17-20
Coordinates: 52 ° 5 ' N , 9 ° 27' E