Everstein (noble family)

Coat of arms of those of Everstein

The noble lords and counts of Everstein (also Eberstein ) called themselves since 1116 after the castles on the Great and Small Everstein ( Everstein Castle ) on the castle hill in the Holzminden district , Lower Saxony . As supporters and relatives of the Staufer family, the family expanded their own property in the Weser Uplands to a small sovereign state. They also founded the Dobnagau in today's Vogtland around 1100 .

The von Everstein family split into several lines around 1200. The lines Ohsen and Holzminden died out in the 14th century, another line in their Lower Saxony branch also at the end of the 14th century and in their Danish branch in 1453. The last line of Eberstein-Naugard, which had been in Pomerania since 1274, died out in 1663 .

Ascent

The Eversteiner area (brown area in the red circle) around 1250

In the border area between the four dioceses of Mainz , Paderborn , Hildesheim and Minden , the family expanded their own property in the Weser Uplands between Höxter , Holzminden and Hameln to a small state rule.

As supporters and relatives of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, the Eversteiners experienced a brilliant rise after Heinrich the Lion was ousted in 1180. After the fall of Henry the Lion, Albrecht III was. von Everstein Lehnsmann of Cologne Archbishop Philip I von Heinsberg , who had been appointed Duke of Westphalia and Engern by Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa . Already 20 years later , the towns of Wettesingen, Breuna, Rhöda, Ehringen and Wormeln were subordinate to him around Volkmarsen .

In addition there were goods on the Diemel to Marsberg , near Warburg and Scherfede, at times also in Eichsfeld (in the 13th century as the Mainz burgrave at Rusteberg Castle ) and in Pomerania (House Eberstein-Naugard ).

In 1283 Konrad von Everstein sought protection from Archbishop Siegfried of Cologne and gave him Aerzen . But even the archbishop could not prevent the capture of Everstein Castle , between Bevern and Negenborn , by the Guelphs . After the fall of the Staufer, the Welfs forced the sale of Everstein Castle in 1284. The headquarters of the Eversteiners was now Polle Castle, about 10 km to the north, built around 1200 . In 1285 Otto von Everstein transferred goods to the Loccum monastery near Gestorf . Around 1335 the counts had to leave their Ohsen castle , which served to secure the crossing over the Weser near Emmerthal (near Hameln ), to the dukes of Braunschweig and Lüneburg , who in turn handed them over to the noble lords of Homburg , arch rivals of the Eversteiners.

Gentlemen in Dobnagau

Apparently, from the beginning of the 12th century, members of the family also took part as locators in the development of the country through clearing and settlement of mainly Frankish settlers in the previously Slavic areas in parts of today's Vogtland , namely the Dobnagau around Plauen . The first seat there is said to have been on the Dobenaufelsen in the Syratal (today a district of Plauen).

Malt house in Plauen, remnant of the Ebersteiner town castle

Later, the Ebersteiners built a town castle on the southwest corner of the Plauen wall ring, the remnant of which is today's malt house . Shortly before 1122, Adalbert von Eberstein donated the St. John's Church in Plauen . In 1236 Plauen appeared for the first time in the possession of the Bailiffs of Weida , apparently Heinrich II. "The Rich" († around 1209) of Weida, Gera and Greiz had been enfeoffed with Plauen by the Eversteiners and, like them, also had a lion in their coat of arms . The bailiffs of Plauen built the Plauen castle as their seat. On May 25, 1278, the previous sovereign, Count Konrad II of Everstein from Lower Saxony, came to Plauen personally and gave his brother-in-law, bailiff Heinrich I , the city of Plauen and the Gau Dobena. Heinrich obviously remained in a loose feudal association with the Count of Everstein. His older son Heinrich II "the Bohemian" founded the line of the bailiffs of Plauen, the younger, Heinrich Ruthenus , "the Russian", founded the younger line, the later Princely House of Reuss . In 1328 Count Hermann von Everstein renounced all fiefdoms in the Dobe area. This ended the story of the Eversteiners in Vogtland.

Downfall

In 1403, Count Hermann VII of Everstein, whose only son had died at the age of three the year before, entered into a hereditary brotherhood with the Counts of Lippe , according to which the Eversteinian domain between Hameln and Höxter and bordering Lippe Castle fell to Lippe should. In 1405 Sternberg Castle was given to Hermann VII von Everstein and Bernhard VI by the Counts of Schaumburg . zur Lippe , who subsequently fell out over the Sternberg pledge, so that Hermann withdrew from the contract. The so-called Everstein feud of succession lasted until 1407. In its course, the Welfs penetrated far into the Lippe territory. It ended with the capture of Sternberg Castle by the troops of Duke Heinrich von Braunschweig.

In 1408 peace was concluded. Hermann VII von Everstein betrothed his only four year old daughter Elisabeth to Otto IV von Braunschweig-Lüneburg, son of Duke Bernhard I , and gave Aerzen as a dowry. The county with Polle Castle was handed over to the Brunswick dukes. The Guelphs had thus achieved the connection between the County of Everstein and Braunschweig-Lüneburg. Elisabeth was married to Duke Otto IV in the same year. Hermann VII von Everstein is the last male representative of his gender, went into exile and is mentioned for the last time in 1413.

Between 1409 and 1414, the Counts of Everstein built Hemersen Castle on Mount Woldau above the Emmer valley , which from 1437 became the property of the Klencke knight family who built the Hämelschenburg .

coat of arms

Blazon : In blue a silver lion, crowned gold, armored in red and tongued with red. On the coat of arms a pot helmet with a bush of peacock feathers from a golden crown over blue and white blankets .

The coats of arms of the district of Holzminden and the district of Hameln-Pyrmont still contain the Everstein lion.

Tribe list

Konrad I. von Everstein (before 1120–1128) ⚭ Mechthild von Itter , daughter of Gumbert von Warburg or his brother Rembold von Canstein and the Countess Gepa von Arnsberg-Werl, later known as Gepa von Itter

Albert I von Everstein (before 1122–1158) ⚭ Jutta von Schwalenberg, daughter of Count Widekind I von Schwalenberg
1. Albert II, Count von Everstein (before 1162–1197) ⚭ 1167 Richeza , von (1136–1185), a cousin of the Staufer Barbarossa
  1. Konrad II., Count of Everstein (1200)
    1. Clementia, nun in the Willebadessen monastery
  2. Albert III., Count von Everstein (1170–1217) ⚭ Agnes von Wittelsbach widow of the wild count Gerhard I 1172–1198; Daughter of Count Palatine Otto VII ⚭ Benedikta von Donauwörth
    1. Konrad III, ancestor of the first line
    2. Benedikta (1234–1283) ⚭ Gottschalk II of Plesse
    3. Otto I (1224), provost in Aachen and Maastricht
    4. Otto II., Progenitor of the second line
    5. Henry I (1224-1225)
    6. Sophie ⚭ Hermann I. von Woldenberg
    7. Albert IV. (1226–1260), canon in Hildesheim , provost in the Hildesheim monastery
    8. Friedrich I (1230–1257), canon in Mainz , provost in Nörten and Hameln
    9. Daughter ⚭ Burchard IV. Von Scharzfeld (1203–1242)
    10. Ludwig I., progenitor of the third line
      1. Daughter NN. ⚭ Helmold von Plesse († 1268/69)
    11. Clementia († before 1257), Countess in Nienover ⚭ Ludolf IV. Von Dassel
    12. Hermann I., progenitor of the fourth line

First line

Konrad III., Count von Everstein (1217–1254), resided at the castles Ohsen and Rusteberg , ⚭ 1. Lutgart († 1243), ⚭ 2. Ermentrud von Dassel, daughter of Adolf II. Von Dassel

Agnes (1287), nun in the Brenkhausen monastery
Ludwig II, Count of Everstein (1275–1289)
1. Conrad VIII (1285)
Heinrich II. (1260), canon in Hildesheim
Eberhard, Count of Everstein (1246)
Konrad IV., Count of Everstein, Count of Ohsen (1243–1283), ⚭ Irmengard von Berge (1259–1285), daughter of Wedekind III. ⚭ Richeza from Hoya
1. Luckard (1259-1282)
2. Engelbert I., Count of Everstein, Count of Ohsen (1276–1291), ⚭ Gertrud von Adenoys (1291–1294), daughter of Johann II. ⚭ Gertrud von Grimmenberg
3. Conrad VII (1282)
4. Albert VIII (1282)
5. Wedekind I (1282–1324), canon in Minden , provost in Hameln
6. Henry III. (1285-1312)?

Second line

Otto II, Count von Everstein (1219–82) in Holzminden, imperial governor in Göttingen and Gleichen , ⚭ Ermengard von Arnstein († 1244), daughter of Albert I. ⚭ Mechtild

Conrad V (1239–1298), Canon in Utrecht , Count of Everstein (1283)

Otto III. (1239–1278), Canon in Hildesheim

Walther I. (1246–1289), canon in Hildesheim

Albert V., Count von Everstein (1235–1274) ⚭ Gisela von Büren (1252–1306), daughter of Bertold III. ⚭ Adelheid

Otto IV., Count of Everstein (1277–1330), Count of Büren ⚭ Agnes; Agnes ⚭ around 1350 Burchard von Schwalenberg

Bertold I (1277–1292), canon in Paderborn

Friedrich II. (1277–1321), count in Holzminden
Friedrich III. (1333-1350)

Adelheid († 1321), abbess in the Böddeken monastery

Third line

Ludwig I, Count von Everstein (1224–1284), ⚭ Adele von Gleichen (1254–1258), daughter of Lambert II. ⚭ Sophie von Orlamünde

Albert VI. 'The Dane', Count von Everstein (1254–1284) ⚭ Marianne (1283), buried in Viborg
1. Albert IX (-1299-1330- before 1349) ⚭ Ingerd Jensdatter (Kalf) (-1349-)
  1. Albert XI. (-1336–1366- before 1370) ⚭ Ingeborg Nielsdatter (Rani) (-1382-)
    1. Valdemar (-1400-1423-) ⚭ Lisbeth Nielsdatter (-1334-) to Bratbjerg
      1. Albert Valdemarsen (- before 1432)
  2. Heinrich IV. (-1349-) at Landting
    1. Karen (-1422-) ⚭ Aage Hedesen Puder (-1377-1391- before 1421) Knight of Rydhave
    2. Margarete (-1391-) ⚭ Niels Ingvorsen (Rotfeld) (-1373-1386- before 1391) to Bratskov
  3. Hermann IV. (-1349-)
  4. Louis VI. (-1343-1355-) to Sæbyholm
  5. Christian
  6. Peder I. (-1344-1386-) Knight of Ørnehoved
    1. Ludwig VII (-1410-) (uncertain)
2. Henrich Albrechtsen (Everstein) (-1307-1311- before 1322) ⚭ Margarete Tygsdatter (Hvide) (-1322-1332-)
  1. Jens (- before 1322)
  2. Cäcilia ⚭ Peder II of Everstein (-1345-1374-)
  3. Daughter (-1377-) ⚭ Gregers Pedersen (Hak) (-1327-1355-) at Vittskövle in Skåne
3. Ludwig V (-1313–1328), Marshal and Chamber Master, Knight zu Hald, Lehnsmann in Hammershus ⚭ Else Pedersdatter (-1328-1333-)
  1. Peder II. (1345) ⚭ Cäcilia von Everstein
    1. Margrete (-1401-1405-) ⚭ 1. Mads, ⚭ 2. Johann Moltke (-1360-1399) to Torbenfeld
  2. Margrete (-1346-)
Ludwig III., Count von Everstein (1266–1312) ⚭ Drudeke von Dassel (1272–1283), daughter of Ludolf VI. from Dassel
1. Ludwig IV., Count of Everstein (1283-1322)
2. Otto VIII.
3. Hermann V.
4. Friedrich III.
Otto IV., Count von Everstein (1266–1313), in Naugard , founder of the Eberstein-Naugard line
1. Hermann II, Count of Everstein (1302–1327), in Naugard
  1. Otto IX. (1331)
    1. Otto X. (1354)
    2. Agathe ⚭ Waldemar von Putbus
    3. Ludwig VIII. (1388) ⚭ 1. Euphemia von Putbus, ⚭ 2. Anna Elisabeth von Manderscheid
      1. Albert von Naugard (1418–1421) ⚭ daughter of Regenstein
      2. Hans (-1416-1436-) ⚭ 1st Armgard von Bülow, ⚭ 2nd Ellen Lunge (widow 1447)
        
        Philippa (-1447-1472- ca 1476) ⚭ 1447 Sigurd Jonsen (-1417-1453) Knights of Sørum and Giske, ruler of Norge
        
        Agathe (1447)
        
        Else (1447)
      3. Witzlaw
      4. Louis IX
2. Albert X., Count of Everstein (1303-1323)
Bernhard I (1266–1302), Canon in Cammin , Provost in Pasewalk , Preceptor in the Templar Order
Gebhard I (1286), canon in Cammin and Magdeburg

Fourth line

Hermann I., Count of Everstein (1226–1268), in Polle , ⚭ Hedwig Jakobsson (1266), daughter of Jens Jakobsen Galen and Adelheid von Dassel

Otto V., Count von Everstein (1260–1312), in Polle, Marshal of Westphalia , ⚭ 1st daughter of Dietrich von Bilstein , ⚭ 2nd Lutgard von Schladen (1295–1323), daughter of Meinher
1. Adelheid (1302), nun in Gandersheim Abbey
2. Sophia (1302), nun in Gandersheim Abbey
3. Mechtild (1303–1305) ⚭ Conrad VI. von Schonenberg (1279–1341)
4. Elisabeth (1297–1318) ⚭ Gerhard II of Hallermund (1280–1324)
5. Hermann III, Count von Everstein (1305–1350), in Polle, ⚭ Adelheid zur Lippe (1324), daughter of Simon I (Lippe)
  1. Adelheid (1315–1373) ⚭ 1336 Ernst I. von Grubenhagen (1297–1360)
  2. Otto X., Count von Everstein (1339–1373, † 1373 near Leveste ), in Polle and Ohsen, ⚭ Agnes von Homburg , daughter of Siegfried
    1. Richsa ⚭ Ludolf III. von Wunstorf (1326–1391), widower of Agnes von Oldenburg
    2. Hermann VII., Count von Everstein (1374–1413), in Polle and Ohsen, ⚭ Ermgard von Waldeck (1399–1406), daughter of Heinrich III. von Waldeck ⚭ Elisabeth von Berg
      1. Otto XII. (1399-1402)
      2. Elisabeth (1404–1468) ⚭ Otto IV of Braunschweig
    3. Meinhard II (1399)
    4. Agnes (1374)
  3. Hermann VI. (1351–1393), Canon in Hildesheim, from 1373 Count of Everstein
  4. John I (1351)
  5. Otto XI. (1351)
  6. Meinhard I (1351)
  7. Bernhard III. (1365-1379)
6. Otto VII. (1305–1351), Canon in Hildesheim and Minden, provost in Hameln
Daughter ⚭ Bodo VII. Von Homburg
Sophie (1290–1294) ⚭ Bernhard I of Brakel (1252–1316)
Mechthild (1271–1280), nun in the Gandersheim monastery
Conrad VI. (1286)
Bernhard II (1272)
Albert VII (1291), provost in Corvey

Another branch

Conrad VI. von Everstein was executed by the Guelphs in 1257. His wife then moved to the diocese of Cammin with their four children Albert, Ludwig, Otto and Bernhard . In 1274 Otto was enfeoffed with Naugard , Massow and Gülzow by his uncle, the Camminer Bishop Hermann von Gleichen . Otto became the founder of the Eberstein-Naugard family .

literature

Hans Dobbertin : The Piastin Richeza von Everstein and their relatives . Publication series of the Genealogical Society Hameln 14, 1957 ( polle-weser.de )
Uwe Ohainski (ed.): The fiefdoms of the Everstein and Homburg lords (= Göttingen research on regional history 13). Bielefeld 2008
Georg Schnath : The gentlemen Everstein, Homburg and Spiegelberg . 1922
Georg Schnath : Everstein, Count of. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 693 ( digitized version ).
Detlev Schwennicke : European Family Tables XVII, 1998
Burchard Christian von Spilcker : History of the Counts of Everstein and their possessions. Speyer'sche Buchhandlung, Arolsen, 1833

Web links

Commons : Everstein - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coat of arms of Eberstein Neugarten in Johann Siebmacher's coat of arms book from 1605

Coat of arms of the Counts of Eberstein in Siebmacher's coat of arms book from 1701, Volume 3

Individual evidence

↑ Dr. Bernhard Peter
^ DJ Meyer: On the Genealogy of the Counts of Everstein . NdSächs. LdV. f. Family customer, special publ. 7, 1954
^ Page of the home district Naugard

51.889036 9.577129Coordinates: 51 ° 53 ′ 20.5 " N , 9 ° 34 ′ 37.7" E

[1] Dr. Bernhard Peter

[2] DJ Meyer: On the Genealogy of the Counts of Everstein . NdSächs. LdV. f. Family customer, special publ. 7, 1954

[3] Page of the home district Naugard