Upper suburb (Volkach)
The Obere Vorstadt is a historic settlement center in the Lower Franconian town of Volkach in the Kitzingen district . For a long time the actual market area of the city was located at an intersection in the upper suburb. It was there that Volkach's first social institutions were established, such as a poor house and an infirmary. Today the Upper Suburb is one of the retail centers in the city center .
Geographical location
The upper suburb is south of the Volkach old town , the old streets are still recognizable. It stretches along the Volkach city fortifications . Today the Upper Suburb is completely enclosed by built-up areas. The new development areas around Dr.-Eugen-Schön-Straße connect to the east. There are also construction areas to the south, where the city's commercial areas begin. The old station area, which is built on with the so-called shopping park, occupies the west.
The Upper Suburb consists of the following streets (in brackets the previous street names, which were represented by the old house numbers 1 to 28):
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history
The Upper Suburb was an important factor in Volkach's rise to the city. There was already an early market place there in Franconian times, which mediated between the royal court Prosselsheim and the Steigerwald . At the same time, the Main was often crossed there by the military of the colonizing Franks. This military route through the Upper Suburb already lost its importance in the late Franconian period compared to the trade route Schweinfurt - ( Kitzingen ) - Ansbach, which ran in a north-south direction .
With the advent of viticulture in the 7th or 8th century, the Upper Suburb became an important market town with a central function for the surrounding area. In addition to wine, people traded in cloth, salt, iron, coal, fish and barrels. Dealers quickly settled there. At the same time, the neighboring Hörigensiedlung , the actual Volkach, gradually received all rights for the ascent to the city. The most obvious symbol was the walling of the settlement in the 13th century, from then on the market (now as a real suburb) was outside the curtain wall in front of the Sommeracher Tor .
The medieval market area was soon expanded so that it stretched from today's Oberer Markt (in the suburbs) along the main street (within the fortifications) to today's market square. By the end of the Middle Ages , the Upper Market exceeded the actual marketplace in terms of importance for trade, and this only changed with the construction of the town hall in the 16th century. In the meantime, the social institutions of the city, a soul house, a poor house and an infirmary, since 1544 the cemetery and the chapel of the dead extra muros (in front of the walls) were located in the upper suburb .
Although the Upper Suburb gradually lost its traffic and market centrality compared to the actual city, it remained an important traffic junction to Hallburg Castle (as a customs castle ) and the Astheim Main ferry . In the Thirty Years War , the suburb was still inhabited without fortifications, while the lower suburb was almost deserted. In 1698 seven houses were still inhabited, there were no barren farmsteads. The settlement continuity in times of war underlines the importance of the suburb, through which the pilgrimage to Burgwindheim led since 1646. A wayside shrine, the so-called Blutsmarter , was set in her honor .
In the 19th century, the city of Volkach began to grow out of its medieval wall , which also affected the two suburbs. In 1833 there were already 17 houses and outbuildings in the Upper Suburb. A major fire on July 18, 1859 destroyed 14 of these buildings and severely damaged the chapel of the dead. The upper market had meanwhile been renamed Saumarkt, because pigs were mainly traded there.
With the construction of the Main Bridge in 1892 and the establishment of the Main Loop Railway in 1909, the Upper Suburb regained its centrality. The train station was built in the west of the part of the settlement, and the first commercial premises soon followed. In the 19th century, the so-called Schützengarten was a restaurant on today's Sommeracher Strasse.
Gradually, the city grew around the Obere Vorstadt, so that today, as an extension of the old town, it has a similar retail density as this and can be regarded as a link to the new building areas . Today people rarely talk about the Upper Suburb, instead they mostly talk about the Upper Market, which was upgraded to a central point on the edge of the old town in the 2000s by regional artists.
See also
literature
- Gerhard Egert: The urban centers of the city - A contribution to the historical topography of Volkach . In: Ute Feuerbach (Ed.): Our Main Loop. 1978-1992 . Volkach 2008. pp. 337-339.
- Gerhard Egert: City and Parish Volkach am Main (A contribution to the city history of Franconia). Part I. The urban territory from the beginnings to the end of the Old Kingdom in 1803 . Würzburg and Volkach 1964.
- Hans-Eckhard Lindemann: Historic town centers in Main Franconia. History - structure - development . Munich 1989.
- Günther Schmitt: House chronicle of the city of Volkach as a mirror of the bourgeoisie. From the end of the 17th century until today (= Volkacher Hefte vol. 19) . Volkach 2017.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Lindemann, Hans-Eckhard: Historic town centers in Mainfranken . P. 43.
- ↑ Egert, Gerhard: The city centers . P. 338.
- ↑ Schmitt, Günther: House chronicle of the city of Volkach . P. 11.
- ↑ Schmitt, Günther: House chronicle of the city of Volkach . P. 22.
- ^ Egert, Gerhard: City and parish Volkach am Main . P. 75.
Coordinates: 49 ° 51 ′ 50.5 ″ N , 10 ° 13 ′ 37.5 ″ E