Ocotea quixos
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Dried fruit cup from Ocotea quixos |
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| Ocotea quixos | ||||||||||||
| ( Lam. ) Kosterm. |
Ocotea quixos or Is (h) pink (u) , Ishpingo , Flor de Canela , and Ecuador cinnamon , is a tree in the laurel family from Ecuador to neighboring Brazil.
description
Ocotea quixos grows as a smaller, evergreen tree up to 8–12 meters high. The relatively smooth bark is greyish and flaky.
The simple, alternate leaves are short stalked. They are leathery, glabrous, entire and pointed to pointed, as well as ovate to -lanceolate or oblong, lanceolate to obscure-lanceolate and up to 13-23 centimeters long.
Terminal and panicle inflorescences are formed. The hermaphroditic, short-stalked and small flowers with a simple flower cover are whitish. There are 6 narrow, egg-shaped tepals that sit on a bowl-shaped flower base . The ovary with a relatively short stylus is medium constantly and there are nine short stamens designed the innermost 3 have two glands at the base.
The egg or acorn-shaped and greenish to yellow-greenish fruits are up to 4 centimeters long and sit in the lower part on / in a woody " fruit cup " with wavy, overgrown and protruding tepals.
Taxonomy
The first description of the Basionym Laurus quixos was in 1789 by Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck in Tabl. Encycl. 3: 455. The reallocation to Ocotea quixos took place in 1938 by André Joseph Guillaume Henri Kostermans.
However, the taxonomy is not clear and a bit confusing and still needs revision. Because there is another basionyma, Mespilodaphne pretiosa Nees & Mart. with the synonym Ocotea pretiosa (Nees & Mart.) Mez known, but it is probably a different species. It becomes the species Ocotea odorifera (Vell.) Rohwer with the basionym Laurus odorifera Vell. attributed.
Ocotea cinnamomoides (Kunth) Kosterm are synonyms . , Nectandra cinnamomoides (Kunth) Nees , Laurus cinnamomoides Kunth and Acrodiclidium cinnamomoides (Kunth) Mez , but the assignment to the Basionym Laurus quixos is not entirely clear, as is Ocotea quixos Kosterm. ex OC Schmidt .
use
The fruit cup, bark and leaves smell cinnamon-like and are used as a spice. It is known as Amazon or American cinnamon . Aniba canelilla produces a similar bark and leaves .
An essential oil is extracted from the leaves .
See also
literature
- K. Kubitzki , JG Rohwer , V. Bittrich: The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Vol. II: Flowering Plants Dicotyledons , Springer, 1993, ISBN 978-3-642-08141-5 , (Reprint), p. 382.
- Flora Brasiliensis. Vol. V. Pars II, 1866–1868, col. 186 f, 198 f, table 74, as Mespilodaphne pretiosa , online at biodiversitylibrary.org.
- Paco Noriega: Ishpink, Ocotea quixos (Lam.) Kosterm. History, Traditional Uses, Chemical, Pharmacological Properties and the Economic Potential of its Essentials Oils Present within this Amazonian Species. In: Miranda Peters: Essential Oils. Nova, 2016, ISBN 978-1-63484-351-5 , Chap. 11, online at researchgate.net.
- Paco Noriega: Análisis de la composición química del aceite esencial extraído de las hojas de Ocotra Quixos (Ishpink) por Cromatografía gaseosa acoplada a masas. 2006, doi: 10.17163 / lgr.n5.2006.01 , online at researchgate.net.
- Omar Alexander Carrasco López, Marco Alexander Simbaña Sarmiento: Variación de la composición química del aceite esencial de hojas de Ishpink (Ocotea quixos) en función del tipo de suelo, el área geográfica, y de factores ambientales dentro de las zonas de cultivo vegetal, en la región oriental del Ecuador. Dissertation, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, 2016, online (PDF; 2.6 MB).
- Plutarco Naranjo, Anake Kijjoa, Astréa M. Giesbrecht, Otto R. Gottlieb: Ocotea quixos, American cinnamon. In: Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 4 (2), 1981, pp. 233-236, doi: 10.1016 / 0378-8741 (81) 90038-6 , online at kundoc.com.
Web links
- Ishpink Ocotea quixos (PDF) at Fundación Chankuap.
- Rediscover ishpingo: the Amazon's hidden treasure at Canopy Bridge.
- Canela Amazónica at Ecuaforestar.