Magnoliids

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Tulip tree ( Liriodendron tulipifera ), flowering

The magnoliids ( English "magnoliids") is a group of bedecktsamigen plants , which forms a large group near the base of the bedecktsamer. The group was introduced by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group in 2009. The group can also be managed as a separate taxon, for example as a subclass Magnoliidae , but this did not happen in the APG IV system of 2016.

features

The species have as the other basal orders on numerous features within the Bedecktsamigen flowering plants are considered primitive. These include einfurchige (monocolpate) pollen , not adherent to each other, so free carpels , a radially symmetric structure of the flower and the presence of essential oils . Numerous trees , shrubs and herbaceous plants belong to this group.

Systematics

Four orders belong to the group known as magnoliids :

It is a monophyletic group, the relationship of the orders can be shown in the following cladogram:




Magnoliales


   

Laurales



   

Canellales


   

Piperales




Magnoliales and Laurales are sister families, as are Canellales and Piperales. This is well established in terms of molecular biology, even if no common derived characteristics ( synapomorphies ) are known for these two groups .

literature

  • P. Sitte, H. Ziegler, F. Ehrendorfer, A. Bresinsky: Textbook of botany for universities. Founded by E. Strasburger ... Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart 1998 (34th edition)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group: An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161: 2, 2009, pp. 105-121
  2. ↑ a b c The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group : An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV . Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016, Volume 181, pp. 1-20. doi : 10.1111 / boj.12385
  3. ^ PS Soltis, DE Soltis: The origin and diversification of Angiosperms . American Journal of Botany, Volume 91, 2004, pp. 1614-1626.