Olloudius
Olloudius , also Olludius and Ollioules , is the name of a Celtic god who, according to the Interpretatio Romana, was equated with Mars .
Locations and etymology
The name Olloudius can be found on two dedicatory inscriptions from the Cotswolds at Custom Shrubs in Gloucestershire ( England ) and one from Antibes , the Greek / Roman Antipolis in the province of Gallia Narbonensis ( Alpes-Maritimes department , France ). In Antibes the name Ollioules is written, it is evidently the same deity.
A sculpture of the god was found in the Cotswolds, he is shown with a small head and an oversized body, in his hands he is holding a platter and a double cornucopia , the dedicatory inscription names him Mars Olludius . Nevertheless, he does not wear any martial attributes and instead of armor he is dressed in a cap and coat. On a second sculpture found there, evidently made by the same sculptor, Mars (without a nickname) is armed this time with a shield, spear and sword, but again depicted with a cornucopia.
An interpretation of the nickname Olloudius by Rudolf Thurneysen as a "large, mighty tree" in connection with the sacred grove ( nemeton ) is uncertain. A connection with the Celtic alauda ( Crested Lark ) was also formerly believed ( legio alaudarum ).
See also
literature
- Helmut Birkhan : Celts. Attempt at a complete representation of their culture. Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1997, ISBN 3-7001-2609-3 .
- Bernhard Maier : Lexicon of Celtic Religion and Culture (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 466). Kröner, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-520-46601-5 , p. 257.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Roman Inscriptions of Britain 131
- ↑ CIL VII, 73 Marti Olludio
- ↑ CIL XII, 166 Sembus / Uriassi f (ilius) / Abellion / ni deo / v (otum) s (olvit) l (ibens) m (erito)
- ↑ Helmut Birkhan: Celts. Attempt at a complete representation of their culture. P. 637, note 8; P. 645.
- ↑ Adolf Holtzmann: Celts and Germanic peoples: A historical investigation. , P. 90.