Olly Black

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Olly Schwarz (born March 10, 1877 as Olga Frankl in Prague , Austria-Hungary ; died 1960 in Chicago ) was an Austrian women's rights activist , educator and school founder.

Live and act

Olga Frankl came from an assimilated Jewish family who moved from Prague to Vienna in 1897 during the nationalist unrest caused by Count Badeni's language regulation .

Schwarz was the sister of Paul Frankl (Professor of Art History in Halle) and married to the doctor Prof. Dr. Emil Schwarz. Her interest in emancipation and other public and social issues arose under the influence of Henrik Ibsen's dramas . In Vienna she came into the circle of the popular educator Ludo Hartmann , founder of the "University Lecturer Association", who supported efforts to promote higher education for women and founded the "Athenaeum - holding university courses for women and girls", of which Olly Schwarz was elected has been. It also belonged to In part as head of the music department, she joined the board of directors of the “New Vienna Women's Club”, but soon developed the idea of ​​founding a commercial academy for girls. She won the physicist Olga Steindler (later married to Felix Ehrenhaft ) for the “Association for Higher Commercial Women's Education” and the emeritus Prime Minister Ernest von Körber as honorary president.

Schwarz joined the board of the “Association of Working Women” and completed a four-week course for career counselors in Berlin in order to be able to expand the association's advice center for girls. Furthermore, Schwarz won the Federation of Austrian Women's Associations (BÖFV) for their plan to set up a “central office for female career guidance”. In May 1914 she took part in the International Congress of the International Women's Council in Rome and was entrusted by the BÖF with a lecture on female employment in Austria .

During the war, Schwarz reported for duty in the war hospital, but had to quit for health reasons. Later she joined the "Board of Trustees for War Widows". On the occasion of the inauguration of a separate house for war widows, Olly Schwarz received the War Cross II. Class and the newly created title of “Federal Welfare Council ” for her social work . Furthermore, Schwarz joined the “Women's Council of the Austrian Army Administration”.

In 1916, Schwarz founded the “Central Office for Female Careers Advice”. She gave lectures at schools in Vienna , Salzburg , Prague , Brno and Troppau . In 1917 she organized the first “Conference for the Professional Interests of Women”. Also in 1917 she started working for the “Arbeitsrechte der Sadt Wien,” where she gave courses on the practice of career counseling. From autumn 1917, with the establishment of a "Ministry for Social Administration", career guidance received a boost. A separate “Commission for Women's Work” with sub-committees was even set up. On December 2, 1919, the ministry issued a decree to all mayors of towns with their own statute, "in which the need for the establishment of municipal offices for career guidance was suggested".

During this time, Olly Schwarz also dedicated himself to the elections for the constituent National Council, in which women were allowed to participate for the first time.

After the advice center had been taken over by the municipality of Vienna on July 12, 1921, Schwarz began work as a municipal civil servant on April 2, 1922. After the emergence of Austro-Fascism, advice had to be attached to the State Labor Office for Vienna. Schwarz was retired in honor and published a professional reading book for girls who had finished school.

When a stream of refugees reached Austria in 1933 after Hitler came to power, Schwarz worked in refugee welfare for the “ League for Human Rights ”, but emigrated to the USA in 1939, where she was a member of the YMCA 's women's commission and a member of the board of the new Vienna Women's Club and the Association of Working Women has been.

Publications

  • Numerous articles in:
    • Announcements from the Association of Working Women
    • The Bund
    • New woman life
    • Magazine for women's suffrage
    • The woman
    • The dissatisfied one
    • Rohö-Frauenblatt
    • The Austrian
  • Professional studies. Commercial women professions . Author v. Olly Schwarz u. Helene Corradini. Chamber f. Workers u. Employees, Vienna 1930. From: Berufskundl. Archive 1930 (signature of the ÖNB: 589630-C)
  • Life memories by Olly Schwarz , manuscript from the holdings of the Institute for the History of the Jews, St. Pölten: Memories of Austrian Jews. The memories . As a summary by Helga Hofmann-Weinberger in the Ariadne project
  • We are in life! Professional Stories f. young girls . Steyrermühl-Verlag, Leipzig, Vienna, Berlin 1934 (Tagblatt-Bibliothek. 1034/35.) (Signature of the ÖNB: 544404-B.1034 / 35)
  • Life memories / by Olly Schwarz. Chicago, Ill., 1959. Typoscript, reproduced Location: 1495832-C
  • Olly Schwarz: Life memories . Manuscript, 1943, 1958-1959. Excerpt in: Albert Lichtblau (Ed.): As if we had belonged . Vienna: Böhlau, 1999, pp. 353–369

literature

  • Biographical database and lexicon of Austrian women
  • Susanne Blumesberger, Michael Doppelhofer, Gabriele Mauthe: Handbook of Austrian authors of Jewish origin from the 18th to the 20th century. Volume 3: S – Z, Register. Edited by the Austrian National Library. Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-11545-8 .
  • Life memories by Olly Schwarz , manuscript from the holdings of the Institute for the History of the Jews, St. Pölten: Memories of Austrian Jews. The memories . Summarized by Helga Hofmann-Weinberger.
  • Rudolf M. Wlaschek : Biographia Judaica Bohemiae . Research Center East Central Europe, Dortmund 1995 a. 1997

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Summary by Helga Hofmann-Weinberger based on the life memories of Olly Schwarz , manuscript from the holdings of the Institute for the History of the Jews, St. Pölten: Recollections of Austrian Jews. The memories
personal data
SURNAME Black, Olly
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Frankl, Olga (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian women's rights activist, educator and school founder
DATE OF BIRTH March 10, 1877
PLACE OF BIRTH Prague
DATE OF DEATH 1960
Place of death Chicago