Spiegel-Ragwurz
| Spiegel-Ragwurz | ||||||||||||
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Spiegel-Ragwurz |
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| Ophrys speculum | ||||||||||||
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The Spiegel-Ragwurz ( Ophrys speculum ) blooms from February to April.
features
This herbaceous perennial plant reaches heights of between 5 and 25 cm. The inflorescence consists of two to eight flowers . The 7 to 10 mm long sepals often appear brown-red striped or overrun. The 4 to 6 mm long petals are also brown-red in color. The lip, 12 to 16 mm long, has a dark, hairless edge. The mark appears dark blue to deep purple and has a yellow to orange border. It uses Peckham's mimicry and imitates the look and smell of female dagger wasps ( Dasyscolia ciliata ) in order to attract males to pollinate. During the supposed act of mating, a pollen packet is stuck to the wasp's head.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36.
Location and distribution
This orchid can be found in light forests, garrigues , grasslands and on former cultivated land with dry to fresh but always alkaline soil up to an altitude of 1200 meters above sea level. This species occurs exclusively in the Mediterranean area.
Systematics
One can distinguish the following subspecies:
- Iberian mirror ragwurz ( Ophrys speculum subsp. Lusitanica O.Danesch & E. Danesch ): It occurs in Portugal and in southwestern Spain at altitudes between 0 and 500 meters above sea level.
- King Ferdinand's Ragwurz ( Ophrys speculum subsp. Regis-ferdinandii (Acht. & Kellerer ex Renz) Soó ): It occurs on the eastern Aegean islands of Samos, Chios, Simi, Tilos, Rhodes and on the coast of western Turkey at altitudes between 0 and 400 meters above sea level.
- Ophrys speculum subsp. speculum : It occurs in the Mediterranean region at altitudes between 0 and 1200 meters above sea level.
literature
- Karl-Peter Buttler : Orchids. Mosaik Verlag, Munich 1986, ISBN 3-576-10559-X
Individual evidence
- ↑ University of Hamburg, Department of Chemistry: Natural Product Chemistry: Identification and Synthesis of Signal Substances from Animals and Plants (PDF; 250 kB), information brochure for the Chemiedozententagung 2006
- ↑ Botanical Garden of the University of Zurich: Orchids as sex deception flowers: The pollination of Ophrys orchids ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Delforge (2006). Orchids of Europe, North Africa And the Middle East , Timber Press, p.432 ISBN 0881927546
- ^ Ophrys speculum at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Ophrys speculum. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved November 26, 2016.
- ↑ a b c Helmut Baumann , Siegfried Künkele and Richard Lorenz: Orchids of Europe with adjacent areas . Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 2006. ISBN 978-3-8001-4162-3 . Page 192–194.
