Orientation behavior

As orientation behavior in the are behavioral biology all those mechanisms together, with the help of animals with their environment to deal with. These include in particular:

• the reflexes as the simplest form of reaction to a stimulus
• the kinesis as a response of an animal proportional to the stimulus intensity ; and the orthokinesis , in which there is a relationship between the speed of movement and the stimulus intensity
• the taxa as a collective term for a variety of causes an alignment to a stimulus or a stimulus away (for example: Phototaxis , Tropotaxis , Klinotaxis )
• the ground navigation (course orientation) with the help of visible landmarks ( navigation signs )
• the ability to hold without landmarks a certain direction, that is by magnetic sense or by celestial navigation : based on certain navigational stars or the sun's position (see also sun compass , possibly supported by UV light -recognition in cloudy weather)
• the use of air pressure and air pressure fluctuations ( ultrasound , infrasound )
• the ability to smell ( pheromones )
• the use of special properties of light (e.g. polarized light) to recognize a polarization pattern (see also Sonnenstein (Wikinger) #recognition of the polarization pattern through polarization filters )
• the brightness and the buoyancy behavior for the perception of the diving depth
• the electrical orientation