Osor (Mali Lošinj)
| Osor | |||
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| Basic data | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| State : |
 Croatia
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| County : |
 Primorje-Gorski kotar
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| Island : | Cres | ||
| Municipality : | Mali Lošinj | ||
| Height : | 0 m. i. J. | ||
| Telephone code : | (+385) 051 | ||
| Postal code : | 51 554 | ||
| Structure and administration | |||
| Community type : | settlement | ||
 Aerial view of the place |
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Osor is a small place on the island of Cres in Croatia . It is located on the Kavada Canal , which separates the north island of Cres from the south island of Lošinj . This is where the narrowest land connection between the two islands is located, a strategically favorable passage for ships since ancient times. Even today, the canal is mainly used by smaller fishing boats and tourist boats.
history
, Osor in ancient Apsorus (also Absorus , Absarus , Greek Ἄψορρος Apsorros ) and Byzantine sources Opsara called, is the oldest settlement and the first major city of Cres and Lošinj. Under the rule of the Roman Empire , the isthmus was separated and made navigable by an approximately 11 m wide ditch. After the fall of the Roman Empire, Osor came under the rule of Byzantium . Since the 6th century it was a diocese that was assigned to the ecclesiastical province of Salona ; The titular bishopric of Absorus of the Roman Catholic Church goes back to the diocese .
In the 9th century the Saracens attacked Osor and destroyed the cathedral and in the 14th century the Republic of Genoa , which also destroyed the cathedral.
Osor received its town charter in antiquity and was the capital of this archipelago until the 14th century. Witnesses of this time are v. a. the dominating cathedral of Osor, where concerts are held today. During the times of Venetian rule, the Roman moat was silted up and ships and goods had to be brought about 100 meters over the mainland .
In the Middle Ages Osor had its heyday, it lived there up to 30 000 people.
Osor was regularly hit by malaria epidemics in the Middle Ages due to the proximity of a large swamp area . Therefore, the island administration was moved to Cres.
The Croatian currency kuna (which translated means marten or weasel) was first mentioned in Osor in 1018 as a means of payment for the Croatians . A small memorial in the form of a marten or weasel still reminds of this today.
The archipelago was so close to Venice that the city expanded its rule there early on. The most influential families, such as the Michiel or the Morosini, came into play. The son of a dog, Lunardo Michiel , became the island's conte around 1160.
present
Today Osor is more of a small rural hamlet with a historic town center. Osor is economically without any influence today and only about 80, mostly older residents live here permanently. In addition to the old cathedral, the steel swing bridge, which on the one hand serves as a connecting artery between the two main islands of Cres and Lošinj, on the other hand is still open twice a day (at 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.) to allow smaller ships to pass through the canal, is particularly important. The main source of income in Osor is tourism.
literature
- Wilhelm Tomaschek : Apsoros . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume II, 2, Stuttgart 1896, Col. 283.
