LVD series Tk
| LVD series Tk PKP series OKa1 |
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|---|---|
 OKa1-1 (Tk 235) in the Warsaw Railway Museum
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| Numbering: | LVD Tk 231-250 |
| Number: | 20th |
| Manufacturer: | Hohenzollern , Krupp , Henschel , LVD workshops in Daugavpils and Liepaja |
| Year of construction (s): | 1928-34 |
| Retirement: | after 1945 |
| Axis formula : | 1'A1 'h2t |
| Gauge : | 1,524 mm |
| Friction mass: | 16/17 t |
| Top speed: | 75 km / h |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,500 mm |
| Impeller diameter: | 1,050 mm |
| Control type : | Heusinger |
| Number of cylinders: | 2 |
| Cylinder diameter: | 320 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 520 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 14 bar |
| Grate area: | 1.25 m² |
| Superheater area : | 21.8 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 51.2 m² |
| Water supply: | 3.3 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 1.7 m³ |
| Brake: | Westinghouse air brake handbrake |
| Particularities: | Adjustable axle pressure of the drive axle |
The Tk series was a passenger - Tenderlokomotive the Latvian state railway Latvijas Valsts Dzelzsceļi (LVD) with the wheel arrangement 1'A1 '. The locomotives were developed by Hohenzollern in Düsseldorf in 1928 and three copies were built. The other deliveries that followed until 1934 came from Krupp, Henschel and the LVD workshops in Daugavpils and Liepāja .
history
The Tk series is one of the few new locomotives acquired by LVD in the period between the beginning of Latvian independence in 1918 and the Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940. The comparatively small tank locomotives with the 1'A1 'wheel arrangement, which was unusual for their construction period, were used thought of light passenger trains. According to studies by the LVD, these light locomotives were able to keep up with combustion railcars of the time due to their operating costs . During this time, other European railways also experimented with light tank locomotives that were intended to compete with or replace multiple units, e.g. the DR series 71.0 or the BBÖ DT 1 .
Due to a lack of financial strength, the LVD was only ever able to procure small series. After Hohenzollern stopped building locomotives in the wake of the global economic crisis , Krupp and Henschel each delivered three units in 1931. The other locomotives were built by LVD in its own workshops. For all locomotives from the three German manufacturers, the final assembly took place in Riga at the local Phönix wagon factory , which also manufactured the driver's cab as well as the water and coal boxes. The wagon factory also supplied essential parts to the workshops in Daugavpils and Liepaja, while others came from the Finnish Lokomo locomotive factory in Tampere .
As a starting aid, the small locomotives were given the option of increasing the axle pressure of the drive axle using compressed air, comparable to the mode of operation of a booster . They were initially used in suburban traffic from Riga to Ogre and Skrīveri and to Valmiera . They quickly proved to be too weak for these trains and were then used around Daugavpils and Rēzekne as well as in Liepaja and Ventspils in passenger transport.
All locomotives were delivered in 1524 mm wide gauge , whereby the possibility of changing gauges was taken into account from the outset. At least the locomotive with road number 231 had already been switched to standard gauge before 1940 . The Soviet Union took over the locomotives in 1941 for the SŽD . After the German attack on the Soviet Union and the rapid advance into the Baltic States , the Deutsche Reichsbahn took over the operation and tracked some of the locomotives to 1,435 mm.
After the Second World War, two locomotives with the road numbers Tk 234 and 245 remained on the territory of the Deutsche Reichsbahn . The locomotive with the road number 234 is said to have been in use until 1960. Two more, the Tk 235 and 242, remained in Poland and were classified by the PKP as the OKa1 series . The PKP used them for service passenger trains in Łazy and Kutno . In 1978 the only surviving locomotive, the former Tk 235, which was the last of its series to be retired in 1968, came to the Warsaw Railway Museum as OKa1-1 . There is no precise information about the post-war use of the locomotives that remained in the Baltic States.
literature
- Herman Gijsbert Hesselink, Norbert Tempel: Railways in the Baltic States , Lok-Report publishing house, Münster 1996, ISBN 3-921980-51-8 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hesselink, Tempel, p. 80
- ↑ Hesselink, Tempel, p. 85
- ↑ Hesselink, Tempel, p. 81
- ↑ Bogdan Pokropiński: The Tk locomotive series of the Latvian State Railways, in: Die Museums-Eisenbahn 3/1989, pp. 6-7 (accessed on January 22, 2012)