Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase | ||
---|---|---|
Existing structural data: s. UniProt |
||
Properties of human protein | ||
Mass / length primary structure | 282 amino acids | |
Identifier | ||
Gene name | PNMT | |
External IDs | ||
Enzyme classification | ||
EC, category | 2.1.1.28 , methyltransferase | |
Response type | Methylation | |
Substrate | S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phenylethanolamine derivative | |
Products | S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-methylphenylethanolamine derivative | |
Occurrence | ||
Homology family | NNMT / PNMT / TEMT | |
Parent taxon | Euteleostomi | |
Orthologue | ||
human | House mouse | |
Entrez | 5409 | 18948 |
Ensemble | ENSG00000141744 | ENSMUSG00000038216 |
UniProt | P11086 | P40935 |
Refseq (mRNA) | NM_002686 | NM_008890 |
Refseq (protein) | NP_002677 | NP_032916 |
Gene locus | Chr 17: 39.67 - 39.67 Mb | Chr 11: 98.39 - 98.39 Mb |
PubMed search | 5409 |
18948
|
Phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMTase) is the enzyme that methylates noradrenaline to adrenaline and is therefore essential for the biosynthesis of this hormone . PNMTase is produced in vertebrates . In humans it is found in the adrenal glands and in the nervous system , but also in the heart .
The production of PNMTase is controlled by hormonal and neurological stimuli such as stress .
Catalyzed reaction
+ S-adenosyl-Met ⇔
⇔ + S-adenosyl-hom
Like other phenylethanolamine derivatives, noradrenaline is converted to adrenaline . S-adenosylmethionine acts as a methyl group donor .
Individual evidence
- ↑ UniProt P11086
- ↑ Kuroko Y, Yamazaki T, Tokunaga N, et al : Cardiac epinephrine synthesis and ischemia-induced myocardial epinephrine release . In: Cardiovasc. Res. . 74, No. 3, June 2007, pp. 438-44. doi : 10.1016 / j.cardiores.2007.02.018 . PMID 17448453 .
- ↑ Wong DL: Epinephrine biosynthesis: hormonal and neural control during stress . In: Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. . 26, No. 4-6, 2006, pp. 891-900. doi : 10.1007 / s10571-006-9056-6 . PMID 16645894 .
- ↑ Evinger MJ, Mathew E, Cikos S, et al : Nicotine stimulates expression of the PNMT gene through a novel promoter sequence . In: J. Mol. Neurosci. . 26, No. 1, 2005, pp. 39-55. doi : 10.1385 / JMN: 26: 1: 039 . PMID 15968085 .
Web links
Wikibooks: Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry: Tyrosine Metabolism - Learning and Teaching Materials
- Jassal / D'Eustachio / reactome.org: Noradrenaline is converted to adrenaline