Pancalia nodosella
| Pancalia nodosella | ||||||||||||
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| Pancalia nodosella | ||||||||||||
| ( Bruand , 1851) |
Pancalia nodosella is a butterfly ( moth ) from the family of cosmopterigidae (Cosmopterigidae).
features
The moths reach a wingspan of 12 to 14 millimeters. Of the similar types pancalia black ella and pancalia baldizzonella differs P. nodosella by the following features: The orange-brown area on the front wings at P. nodosella pronounced. The first costal spot and the first dorsal spot are fused and form a band that runs diagonally inwards and extends almost to the inner edge of the wing. The second subdorsal spot is reduced to a few, pale gold-shining scales or is completely absent. In the females, the antennae are more abruptly thickened and up to three times thicker than at the base. The scales stand out more clearly in this area.
In the males, the valves are about the same length, the left one is somewhat wider and has a strongly concave ventral edge, while the ventral edge of the right valve is almost straight. The valvellae are short. The left valvella is 1/3 the length of the left valve, the right valvella is 1/6 the length of the right valve. The aedeagus has a sharply tapered apex that is provided with a number of needles.
In the females the sterigma is only slightly sclerotized . The ostium has a slightly curved, heavily sclerotized margin at the back. The ductus bursae widens slightly towards the corpus bursae . In the section between the seminal duct and the corpus bursae it runs in a complete loop. The corpus bursae is egg-shaped and has two very small and indistinct signs. Characteristic of the species are the shape of the sterigma, the coiled ductus bursae and the small signs of the corpus bursae.
distribution
Pancalia nodosella is native to northern and central Europe . In the north the distribution area extends to the sandy beaches of Holland and Latvia , in the east it extends over the Caucasus and Central Asia to Kyrgyzstan . In the west the species is distributed across France and Spain to Portugal .
biology
The caterpillars develop on sand pansies ( Viola tricolor curtisii ). They live from June to July and initially mine in the petiole and occasionally in the leaves, creating a space mine. They later skeletonize the tops of the leaves. Sometimes the caterpillars also mine in the flower stem, creating a noticeable long whitish feeding tunnel. The last stages bore into the stem, the ocher-colored or light brown caterpillar droppings are ejected through the entrance hole and collect in the leaf axils. At this stage, the epidermis of the stem is also eaten, causing the plant to wither. The feeding place is surrounded by a light web in which the caterpillars move back and forth very quickly in their feeding passages. The feeding tunnels later reach into the ground, where the caterpillars feed on the bark of the roots. They pupate in late summer in a firm, sand-covered silk cocoon between the roots. The moths fly on sunny days from mid-April to early June.
Systematics
The following synonyms are known from the literature:
- Oecophora nodosella Bruand , [1851]
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d J. C. Koster, S. Yu. Sinev: Momphidae, Batrachedridae, Stathmopodidae, Agonoxenidae, Cosmopterigidae, Chrysopeleiidae . In: P. Huemer, O. Karsholt, L. Lyneborg (eds.): Microlepidoptera of Europe . 1st edition. tape 5 . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2003, ISBN 87-88757-66-8 , pp. 95 (English).
- ↑ a b Pancalia nodosella in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved December 1, 2011
Web links
- Lepiforum e. V. - Taxonomy