Peterhof (Freiburg im Breisgau)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Peterhof with Peterhof chapel. 1st floor in the right part of the building

The Peterhof is a historic building complex in Freiburg .

Until 1807 it was the town hall of the Benedictine monastery of St. Peter in the Black Forest . From the former city residence one third get about: the main building at the Niemensstraße with the spiral staircase, the deep vaulted cellar and today by the Russian Orthodox Church used Peterhofkapelle . With the house at Zur liebe Hand , the former town courtyard of the St. Trudpert Monastery in the Münstertal , the Peterhof is now owned by the University of Freiburg and its oldest building. It houses rooms for the law school . The Psychological Institute was previously housed there.

history

Entrance portal with carved portraits of Ulrich Zasius and Erasmus of Rotterdam
Interior view with spiral staircase tower
Floor plans in the 19th century under point 3

From 1492, the St. Peter monastery systematically bought up town houses from the 12th and 13th centuries in the area of ​​today's Niemensstraße, until the corner house at Zum Hasen was also owned by the Benedictines . In the years 1585 to 1587 Abbot Gallus Vögelin (Abbot from 1585 to 1597) had the row of houses that he had acquired converted into a representative cloister courtyard. In addition, the houses received new facades with stepped gables . The spiral staircase was also added.

In addition, a magnificently decorated chapel was built - its location in the building complex can still be recognized today by the round windows - free-standing above an archive cellar, which housed the monastery treasures in times of crisis.

Outbuildings such as stables, barns and granaries were attached to the monastery courtyard. The monks studying and teaching in Freiburg lived in the main building next to the administrator. There was also an elaborately designed apartment for the abbot when he was in Freiburg.

In 1730 the monastery commissioned the Freiburg city ​​architect Johann Georg Bechter to connect the main building with the chapel. This connecting building was used as a new wine cellar and archive. A few chambers for the abbot were added on the upper floor . The year 1731 and the initials of Abbot Ulrich Bürgi can still be seen on this intermediate building . This abbot planned further modifications, which Abbot Philipp Jakob Steyrer tackled thirty years later. In 1766, city architect Johann Baptist Häring added the portal, which is still visible today, to the courtyard and unified facades and roofs.

In the course of the Reichsdeputation Hauptschluss , the entire monastery and thus also the Peterhof were nationalized in 1806. The grand ducal domain administration - like the monastery in earlier times - collected tithes and lease fees. From 1807 the Berthold-Gymnasium used the premises. In 1869 the building went to the military, who set up the district command and the main registration office on the ground floor and part of the upper floor. The upper floor also housed the garrison administration and service apartments for a barracks attendant and the master baker of the garrison bakery. Part of the ground floor rooms on Peterstrasse was left to the provisions office for storing food.

From 1925 the Badisches Weinbauinstitut was housed in the Peterhof . A youth hostel was set up in the stables in 1920 . The air raid on Freiburg on November 27, 1944 severely damaged the buildings. Only the foundation walls, the cellar, the archive and the chapel were preserved, i.e. all the rooms that were built as vaults. In 1957 the University of Freiburg acquired the site. The reconstruction in the years 1957-61 was based on the exterior of the historical forms, while the interior was completely redesigned. The vaulted cellar of the historic wine cellar, which the Oberkirch winery used until 1994, was renovated in 2003/2004 and is now available for events.

coat of arms

  • Coat of arms stones

  • Front of the chapel

  • Stair tower

  • West wing entrance

  • Main portal west wing

Four plastic heraldic stones on the outside of the building document its history, one on the windowless southern front of the chapel, one on the stair tower, and two on the western side of the west wing.

The coat of arms stone at the front of the chapel shows two coats of arms, each quartered in an opulent frame . The heraldic right (left as seen by the observer) shield contains twice the crossed keys of the Abbey of St. Peter and twice each two birds facing away from each other, the personal coat of arms of Abbot Johann Joachim Mynsinger von Frundeck (Abbot from 1580 to 1585). As the predecessor of Abbot Gallus Vögelin, he began the construction work, which Gallus Vögelin then completed. The heraldic left shield (right when viewed from the viewer) also contains twice the Sanpetrine keys and twice each with two points pointing upwards, the personal coat of arms of Abbot Gallus Vögelin.

The coat of arms stone on the stair tower, also richly adorned, repeats the combination of Abbot Gallus Vögelin's coat of arms. Below is the inscription “Gallus Abb (a) te zue S (t). Peter Prior zue S (t). Ulrichen rt. auff and im Schwartzwald in 1586. “The coat of arms stone above the entrance to the west wing shows, in addition to the Petrus Keys, twice a castle with two pointed towers, the talking coat of arms of Abbot Ulrich Bürgt. The oval shields next to it show the horizontal bars of the St. Ulrich priory belonging to St. Peter in the Black Forest , heraldic left the cross-bearing star of the St. Fides and Markus priory in Sölden . The letters VASP stand for " U dalricus A bbas S ancti P etri". A console bears the year "MDCCXXXI" = 1731.

The youngest coat of arms stone, above the main portal in the west wing, shows the coat of arms of St. Peter with the crossed keys, the horizontal bar of St. Ulrich, the cross-bearing star of St. Fides and Markus and the vulture of Geiersnest, in the right shield Part of the community of Bollschweil . The heraldic shield on the left shows the personal coat of arms of Abbot Philipp Jakob Steyrer (Abbot from 1749 to 1795) with its deer antlers .

swell

Web links

  1. ^ Friedrich Kempf: The chapel of the Peterhof in: Freiburg im Breisgau. The city and its buildings , HM Poppen & Sohn, Freiburg im Breisgau 1898, p. 365
  2. ^ Paul Hartung: Military Buildings In: Badischer Architects and Engineers Association (Hrsg.): Freiburg im Breisgau. The city and its buildings , HM Poppes & Sohn, Freiburg im Breisgau 1898, p. 585
  3. ^ Bernhard Peter: Gallery: Photos beautiful old coat of arms No. 1323. The Peterhof in Freiburg. Retrieved July 18, 2014.

Coordinates: 47 ° 59 ′ 41.6 ″  N , 7 ° 50 ′ 51.5 ″  E