Petro Karmanskyj

Petro Karmanskyj

Cyrillic ( Ukrainian )
	Петро Сильвестрович Карманський
Transl. :	Petro Syl`vestrovyč Karmans`kyj
Transcr. :	Petro Sylwestrowytsch Karmanskyj
Cyrillic ( Russian )
	Пëтр Сильвестрович Карманский
Transl .:	Pëtr Sil`vestrovič Karmansky
Transcr .:	Petr Silwestrovich Karmansky

Petro Sylwestrowytsch Karmanskyj ( Ukrainian Петро Сильвестрович Карманський ), b. on May 29, 1878 in Cieszanów , Austria-Hungary (now Poland ); died on April 16, 1956 in Lviv , Ukrainian SSR ; was a Ukrainian poet, journalist, translator and member of the literary-modernist group Moloda musa , which emerged under the influence of the new currents of modernism in Europe.

biography

Petro Karmanskyj was born on May 29, 1878 as the son of a craftsman and farmer in the small town of Cieszanów. His parents died while he was attending high school. After completing his school education and beginning his studies at the University of Lviv , he refused to join the Austrian army and traveled to Italy in 1900 to study ruthenium at the college . Karmanskyj never finished his studies. In 1904 he returned to Lviv, where he began to lead an active literary life, attending numerous lectures by famous writers and journalists, and in 1906 he became editor-in-chief of Mir magazine . This event also formed the foundation for the literary group Moloda Musa , of which Karmanskyj was a respected member. In 1907 he was jailed for participating in the student uprisings at Lviv University. After his release he worked as a tutor and magazine editor until he got a job as a teacher at the Ukrainian high school in Ternopil .

In 1910 Karmanskyj Schdyslawa married Sawtschek. From this marriage they had six children. Three years later he went to Canada to give seminars on Ukrainian history and literature. When he returned to his homeland in 1915 during the First World War and the onset of the civil war , he briefly joined Andrej Scheptyzkyjs , one of the most active organizers of the nationalist counterrevolution, and became an activist of the West Ukrainian People's Republic (also: Sachidno-Ukrajinska Narodna Respublika) SUNR. He traveled to Brazil in 1922 , where he raised funds for SUNR until 1931 and worked as an editor for a magazine. In the 1920s, Karmanskyj saw the establishment of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic . In 1931 Petro Karmanskyj returned to his homeland and took up another position as a teacher at the grammar school in Drohobych . In 1940 he was accepted into the Association of Ukrainian Writers . Four years later he was appointed director of the National Literature and Memory Museum Ivan Franko (ukr .: L'viv'skyj nacional'nyj literaturno-memorial'nyj muzej Ivana Frank ) in Lviv until 1946 . Until his death on April 16, 1956 in Lviv, Karmanskyj wrote a few important works. He was buried in the Lychakiv Cemetery in Lviv.

education

Petro Karmanskyj attended the Ukrainian high school in Przemyśl from 1892 . In 1899 he began his studies at the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Lviv (today: National Ivan-Franko University of Lviv ), which he financed through a sideline job at the credit and insurance company Dnstri . In 1900 he traveled to the Vatican and enrolled at the College of Ruthenium, but left it four years later without a degree because he could not cope with the monastic living conditions, which forbade all contact with the outside world.

In 1904 he returned to Lviv University. There he took an active part in literary life and attended lectures by Oleksandr Kolessa , Kyrylo Studynskyj and Mychajlo Hruschewskyj . He also read essays by Iwan Franko , Wassyl Schtschurat and Ossyp Makowej . His studies were interrupted when he was imprisoned in 1907 for supporting the student uprising at Lviv University, but was able to quit after his release that same year.

Create

Petro Karmanskyj is a representative of Ukrainian modernism and was a member of the literary group Moloda muza in Lviv, founded in 1906 . This group emerged as part of that European movement that sought the renewal of literature.

Karmanskyj's literary career began in 1899 when his first anthology was published with the title Z teky samobyvci . The work is about the tragic story of a young man and his unrequited love .

In 1906, Karmanskyj was the editor of the Svit magazine .

Karmanskyj's other anthologies include Oj ljuli, smutku , Bludni ohni and Plyvem po morju t'my , which are thematically and atmospherically similar. The mood of despair and grief, sadness, melancholy and hopelessness accompany the reader.

The anthology Oj ljuli, smutku consists of dark and sad songs. In the books Bludni ogni and Plyvem po morju t'my, the motives of social protest can be heard .

Karmanskyj's stay at the College of Ruthenium brought him for a time a critical attitude towards the Church. This is reflected in Plyvem po morju t'my .

The poetry written by Karmanskyj mainly in Italy is filled with pessimism and skepticism. Darkness, pain and death are reflected in the poet's mind.

The anthology Al fresco is steeped in tragedy, despair and mental anguish. Here the author acts as a satirist of the war era, in which he criticized the bourgeoisie. In this book, the notes of irony and grotesque sound.

In Brazil, Karmanskyj wrote the poem Plač brazylijskoji pušči .

In 1936 his book of memories about the Moloda muza was published in Lviv under the title Ukrajins'ka bohema .

In 1940 Karmanskyj joined the Association of Ukrainian Writers. A year later his anthology of the poetry Do soncja appeared .

In addition to his work as a poet, Karmanskyj also worked as a translator. Among other things, he translated the Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri . The first part Hell (ukr .: Пекло ) was published in 1956, co- authored by Maksym Rylskyj .

Works (selection)

• "Z teky samobyvci" , 1899
• "Oj ljuli, smutku" , 1906
• "Bludni ohni" , 1907
• "Plyvem po morju t'my" , 1909
• "Al fresco" , 1917
• “Za čest 'i volju” , 1923
• "Plač brazylijskoji pušči" , 1923
• "Ukrajins'ka bohema" , 1936
• "Do soncja" , 1941
• "Na jasnij dorozi" , 1952

Individual evidence

1. ^ Karmanskyj, Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine (English), accessed June 23, 2014
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j} M. C. Hrycjuta, NL Kaleničenko [ua], 1968, Istorija Ukrajins`koji Literatury, tom p`jatyj , Naukova Dumka, Kyjiv, pp. 430–437
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j} V. O. Mel'nyk, LM Novyčenko [ua], 1998, Istorija Ukrajins`koji Literatury XX stolittja , kniha perša, Lybid`, Kyjiv, pp. 87-91
4. ↑ ^{a b} Karmanskyj, Discussion of Ukrainian Literature ( Memento of the original from August 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English), accessed June 23, 2014 
5. ↑ The grave of Petro Karmanskyj on io.ua ; accessed on November 25, 2018 (Russian)
6. ↑ ^{a b c d} V. G. Dončyk, VP Agejeva [ua], 1993, Istorija Ukrajins`koji Literatury XX stolittja , kniha perša, Lybid`, Kyjiv, pp. 43–51
7. ^ Karmanskyj, autobiography (Ukrainian), accessed June 23, 2014