Lychakiv Cemetery

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Lychakiv Cemetery (2007)
Lychakiv Cemetery - main gate (circa 1900)

The Lychakiv Cemetery ( Ukrainian Личаківський цвинтар , Russian Лычаковское кладбище , Polish Cmentarz Łyczakowski , German  Lützenhofer Friedhof ) is a famous cemetery in the western Ukrainian city ​​of Lviv .

history

Since its establishment in 1787, the Lychakiv Cemetery has been the main burial place of the local intelligentsia , middle and upper classes . Originally the cemetery was located on some hills in the Łyczaków district (also Lützenhof ), according to a regulation of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, according to which cemeteries had to be built outside the city limits. The original plans for the cemetery came from Karol Bauer, the director of the Botanical Garden at Lviv University .

In the mid-1850s, the cemetery was significantly expanded by Tytus Tchórzewski, who created the network of avenues and roundels that still exists today. This made Lychakiv Cemetery the main city cemetery, and soon most of the other cemeteries were closed. The two largest that remained were the Janiwski Cemetery (Polish: Janowski Cemetery ) with many workers' graves, and the adjacent New Jewish Cemetery. The Lychakiv Cemetery was used by all Christian denominations in the city: besides the Roman Catholic Christians, this also included the Eastern Catholic Churches , the Protestants and the Orthodox .

Tomb for the defenders of Lviv in 1918

In 1925, the ashes of an unknown defender of Lviv during World War I were transferred to the grave of the unknown soldier in Warsaw . In addition to the mausoleum of the Polish defenders of the city from 1918, there has also been a monument since 1999 in honor of the Sitsh riflemen (Ukrainian: Січові стрільці ) who fought on the side of Austria-Hungary in World War I.

After World War II , the city was annexed by the Soviet Union and the majority of surviving Polish residents were forcibly relocated . With that began a period of decay of the monuments that were in the cemetery. Many sculptures were destroyed by 1971. The cemetery of the defenders of Lemberg , where the Lviv eagles are buried, was razed to the ground with tanks in 1971 and used as a municipal rubbish dump. However, in 1975 the cemetery was declared a historical monument and the dishonor ended. Since the late 1980s, the cemetery has undergone continuous reconstruction and rehabilitation, making it one of the main tourist attractions in Lviv again.

“Some see the restoration of the complex as the beginning of a national reconciliation, other Poles celebrate it secretly as a triumph over the Ukrainians, other Ukrainians castigate it as an act of submission to the Poles. The Lychakiv Cemetery is still the focal point of competing memories. "

Famous people

Grave of the poet Maria Konopnicka . The sculpture is by Luna Drexlerówna.
Volodymyr Barwinskyj , literary critic, essayist and translator.
Tomb of the poet Ivan Franko .

Since the city of Lviv was also a center of Polish culture, a large number of famous Poles are buried there, in addition to well-known Ukrainians. Including:

A large number of victims of the wars and conflicts of the 19th and 20th centuries lie in the cemetery, including the following historical events:

Graves

Web links

Commons : Lychakiv Cemetery  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ania Klijanienko: Lviv: the cultural center of western Ukraine . Ed .: Bernd Schwenkros, Detlev von Oppeln. 2nd Edition. Trescher Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-89794-130-4 , pp. 182-213 .
  2. ↑ Helga Hirsch: What is your sign? A white eagle. Heroes saga: A cemetery in Lemberg commemorates the Polish child soldiers of 1918. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung No. 133, June 10, 2006, p. 46.
  3. ^ Website of the Lychakiv Cemetery ( Memento of the original from May 27, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; accessed on May 15, 2017 (Ukrainian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lviv-lychakiv.ukrain.travel
  4. ↑ Grave of Honor №76 ( Memento of the original from March 29, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at the Lychakiv Cemetery in Lviv @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / lviv-lychakiv.ukrain.travel
  5. ↑ Hryhorij Tjutjunnyk on m-necropol.ru ; accessed on June 14, 2017 (Russian)
  6. ↑ Biography of Borys Vosnyzkyj ( Memento of the original from May 7, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on ukrgeroes ; accessed on May 25, 2017 (Ukrainian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ukrgeroes.narod.ru

Coordinates: 49 ° 49 ′ 57 ″  N , 24 ° 3 ′ 22 ″  E