Parish church Schöller
The Protestant parish church Schöller in the Schöller district of the Vohwinkel district is the only surviving Romanesque hall church and the oldest church in the Wuppertal city area.
history
There is little reliable data about their origin. It was first built as a chapel of the Schöller estate , which was a fief of the Corvey monastery and was managed by the von und zu Schöller family. The construction of the tower is documented for the 12th century, the present-day church nave is very likely also from the Romanesque period, but was not built together with the tower. The church was originally under the patronage of Saint Vitus , who was the house saint of Corvey Monastery, where his relic was also kept. The Schöller estate is mentioned for the first time in 1182, in 1360 a Florence from Wevelinghoven mentions a parrochialis ecclesie in Scholere , ie a "Schöller parish church". The formation of the parish went hand in hand with the efforts of the von Schöller family to establish their own rule over the place, which was sealed in 1430 by a contract with Corvey, which guaranteed the family the rights to the income from the surrounding property.
Presumably at the end of the 15th century, the floor of the nave was raised by around 70 cm, the connection to the tower bricked up and an entrance was created in the south facade. The Reformation found its way into Schöller as early as 1530 . The time for the construction of the choir is assumed to be in the late 17th century. During this time, further alterations were probably made, such as enlargement of the windows, the installation of the still existing west gallery, possibly also the installation of the wooden barrel vault, which replaced a flat ceiling. An original connecting tract with the estate was demolished in the 18th century and the tower was secured with buttresses. Further alterations were carried out in 1900 by the Elberfeld architect Adolf Cornehls , who among other things installed wall cladding in the ship, placed a new organ in the roof above the choir, had a round window in the choir broken into the wall and re-glazed the nave windows. Another renovation in 1970 closed the southern entrance again and restored the original main entrance by opening the tower to the church hall. The floor was lowered back to almost the original level and the surfaces of the inner walls were exposed again. Further renovation work in 1993 secured the substance of the building.
description
The Schöller parish church is oriented exactly to the east and lies on an elevation south of the Düssel flowing by here . It is surrounded by a churchyard where numerous old tombstones and slabs have been preserved, some of which come from the church. Local quarry stone , possibly from the nearby district of Hahnenfurth , served as building material . The building is not plastered. In front of the west facade is the massive five-storey tower covered with an octagonal pyramid roof. Narrow slits in the north facade of the tower (corresponding openings in the south facade were walled up later) indicate a protective function for the village population in the event of attacks. On the second floor of the tower there was a clock on the west side, on the floor above there are three bells. Parts of the original wooden door in the Romanesque west portal were mounted in a cross shape on the modern, glass entrance door. The church hall with three arched windows on each of the nave walls is covered by a gable roof, followed by the somewhat narrower and lower choir extension, which is also provided with a gable roof and whose wall in the eastern gable under the top is made of half-timbered construction. The ground floor of the tower, which probably originally served as a baptistery, is vaulted with a groin vault, two steps lead through a round arch into the church hall.
This is simply plastered in white (the west wall shows the rubble of the outer walls) with a wooden barrel vault, the choir, which in turn rises two steps, is separated from the nave by a triumphal arch and is illuminated by the small round window from 1900. A low pulpit is on the left edge of the divisional arch , a simple communion table is in the middle of the choir. To the right is an old sandstone baptismal font, probably from the 13th century, which was housed as part of the original furnishings on the ground floor of the tower. In 1900 the organ from the Koch company from Barmen was installed above the triumphal arch , which necessitated the relocation of the original stove and chimney. A narrow wooden staircase leads to the wooden gallery on which there are stalls that were brought here from the nave during the renovation in 1900.
As early as 1903, the building was placed under monument protection by the then district administrator, and in 1988 the building was again entered on the list of monuments of the city of Wuppertal. It is a preaching place of the Evangelical Reformed parish Gruiten-Schöller in the Niederberg parish of the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland.
organ
The original Koch organ was fundamentally rebuilt and modernized in 1980, and an open bass register was installed. Today it has seven registers on a manual with pedal .
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- Coupling : Pedal Coupler
literature
- Florian Speer : Notes on the Protestant Church in Schöller , Wuppertal 1993 ( PDF , 397 kB)
Web links
- Website of the Friends of the Evangelical Reformed Church Schöller eV
- Entry in the Wuppertal monument list
- Photos of the church on the occasion of a lecture in 2003
- Photos of the stained glass windows in the church
Individual evidence
- ↑ The hidden beauty of Schöller - The organ of the parish church The organ journal. Retrieved September 4, 2016.
Coordinates: 51 ° 14 '42.3 " N , 7 ° 1' 45.9" E