Foster parents

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Foster parents ( foster mother , foster father ), regional and foster parents called age persons who temporarily or permanently, a child of other parents as a foster child record. In most cases, the foster child leaves the foster family when they reach the age of majority (18 years).

This article or paragraph presents the situation in Germany . Help us to describe the situation in other countries.

Germany

definition

The term parents is historically shaped here; Since the end of the 20th century, single persons and same-sex couples have also been able to take full-time care children as foster parents . The prerequisite is essentially proof of general and case-related suitability for the task. The children can be cared for privately or by the local youth welfare office . This also applies to unaccompanied refugee minors .

A ruling by the Munich District Court together are partnered gay couples entitled since August 5, 2016 as foster parents guardianship also exercise common for children and adolescents; up to this point in time there was a loophole in the law that prevented this.

task

The foster relationship can take a variety of forms, from support visits to adoption foster care , which lasts until the adoption is legal. In any case, the willingness to get involved in the particularities of the individual case (of the child with all those involved) is necessary . This is not always easy, as there are often social, moral and / or perspective as well as legal differences between those involved ( foster child , parents of origin, youth welfare office , foster parents, official guardian).

Exercise of parental authority

The parental authority remains even if the foster relationship with the birth parents, if custody is not in accordance with § 1666 BGB withdrawn and a guardian has been transferred. However, if the foster relationship is long-term, the foster parents have decision-making authority in matters relating to the child's daily life according to Section 1688 BGB. You are entitled to manage the wages of a minor and to claim and manage maintenance , insurance, pension and other social benefits for the child (e.g. child benefit ). The family court can make a different regulation. In the event of disputes between the carer and the custodian, the youth welfare office should mediate in accordance with Section 38 of Book VIII of the Social Code .

Health and pension insurance

Foster children can be insured with the foster parents' statutory health insurance free of charge ( family insurance , Section 10, Paragraph 4, SGB ​​V ). If a foster parent dies, the child is entitled to an orphan's pension ( Section 48 (3) SGB ​​VI ).

Foster children in permanent care are treated the same as biological children in the Riester pension ; foster parents can apply for the Riester subsidy for these children. A foster mother, which has also work or the like not have its own right to Riester is (ie, during the raising period of the statutory pension) by the nursing child during the first three years of life of the nursing child eligible for support .

In the statutory pension insurance, the foster mother is entitled to the remainder of the child-rearing time, i.e. the full child-rearing period in the case of child care from birth, and the full child-rearing period in the case of later child care minus the child's child-raising period.

statistics

In 2005, 8,725 children in full-time care were placed with unrelated persons in Germany.

See also

literature

  • Monika Nienstedt, Arnim Westermann: foster children. 5th edition. Votum, Münster 1998, ISBN 3-407-55909-7 .
  • Herbert Riedle, Barbara Gillig-Riedle, Katrin Ferber-Bauer: Foster children. Everything you need to know. TiVan, Würzburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-9808660-4-0 .

Web links

Wiktionary: Foster family  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
Wiktionary: foster mother
Wiktionary: foster father

Portals:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b message: foster children. In: taz.de . November 2, 2006, accessed February 5, 2020 .
  2. ^ Federal Association of Unaccompanied Minors Refugees (BumF): Topics: Foster families. In: b-umf.de. 2020, accessed February 5, 2020 .
  3. ^ Announcement: Rights of homosexuals: Court awards guardianship to foster mothers. In: Der Spiegel . August 5, 2016, accessed February 5, 2020 .