Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase

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Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase

Existing structural data: s. UniProt

Properties of human protein
Mass / length primary structure 282 amino acids
Identifier
Gene name PNMT
External IDs
Enzyme classification
EC, category 2.1.1.28 ,  methyltransferase
Response type Methylation
Substrate S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phenylethanolamine derivative
Products S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine ​​+ N-methylphenylethanolamine derivative
Occurrence
Homology family NNMT / PNMT / TEMT
Parent taxon Euteleostomi
Orthologue
human House mouse
Entrez 5409 18948
Ensemble ENSG00000141744 ENSMUSG00000038216
UniProt P11086 P40935
Refseq (mRNA) NM_002686 NM_008890
Refseq (protein) NP_002677 NP_032916
Gene locus Chr 17: 39.67 - 39.67 Mb Chr 11: 98.39 - 98.39 Mb
PubMed search 5409 18948

Phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMTase) is the enzyme that methylates noradrenaline to adrenaline and is therefore essential for the biosynthesis of this hormone . PNMTase is produced in vertebrates . In humans it is found in the adrenal glands and in the nervous system , but also in the heart .

The production of PNMTase is controlled by hormonal and neurological stimuli such as stress .

Catalyzed reaction

Norepinephrine+ S-adenosyl-Met ⇔
⇔ adrenaline+ S-adenosyl-hom

Like other phenylethanolamine derivatives, noradrenaline is converted to adrenaline . S-adenosylmethionine acts as a methyl group donor .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ UniProt P11086
  2. ↑ Kuroko Y, Yamazaki T, Tokunaga N, et al : Cardiac epinephrine synthesis and ischemia-induced myocardial epinephrine release . In: Cardiovasc. Res. . 74, No. 3, June 2007, pp. 438-44. doi : 10.1016 / j.cardiores.2007.02.018 . PMID 17448453 .
  3. ↑ Wong DL: Epinephrine biosynthesis: hormonal and neural control during stress . In: Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. . 26, No. 4-6, 2006, pp. 891-900. doi : 10.1007 / s10571-006-9056-6 . PMID 16645894 .
  4. ↑ Evinger MJ, Mathew E, Cikos S, et al : Nicotine stimulates expression of the PNMT gene through a novel promoter sequence . In: J. Mol. Neurosci. . 26, No. 1, 2005, pp. 39-55. doi : 10.1385 / JMN: 26: 1: 039 . PMID 15968085 .

Web links

Wikibooks: Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry: Tyrosine Metabolism  - Learning and Teaching Materials