Piet Zwart

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In 1964

Piet Zwart (born May 28, 1885 in Zaandijk ; † September 24, 1977 in Wassenaar ) was a Dutch typographer , photographer , designer , interior designer and teacher .

Life

Zwart, born in Zaandijk in 1885, is considered an important constructivist designer and, although self-taught , pioneer of modern typography from 1921 onwards . He attended the applied arts school in Amsterdam from 1902 to 1907 . From 1908 to 1913 he taught drawing and art history at a girls' school in Leeuwarden. From 1911 he designed furniture and handicraft objects. He studied at Delft University of Technology from 1913 until mobilization the following year . From 1919 on he worked for architects, first with Jan Wils , from 1921 as an assistant to Hendrik Petrus Berlage . Jan Wils introduced him to the modernist artist group De Stijl , one of whose co-founders was Vilmos Huszár , with whom Zwart designed furniture from 1920-21. From 1923 he worked as a commercial artist. His work for the Nederlandsche Kabelfabriek (NKF) in Delft is best known. He also created brochures for the Dutch post office and a series of stamps in 1929. In 1931 he was visiting professor at the Bauhaus in Dessau . From 1935 onwards, Zwart designed a unit kitchen for the door and furniture maker Bruynzeel , which was presented in 1938 and established itself on the Dutch market from the mid-1940s. In 1944 he was interned by the National Socialists.

Bruynzeel kitchen ( Gemeentemuseum Den Haag )

In 1964, some of his works were shown at the documenta III in Kassel in the graphics department .

Zwart was a member of the International Center for the Typographic Arts ( ICTA ) in the 1960s .

Post fame

The Piet Zwart Institute at the Willem de Kooning Academy of the Hogeschool Rotterdam is named after Zwart .

Postage stamps 1931

Piet Zwart: glasses for Kristalunie Maastricht (1928–29)

Fonts

  • Retrospective photography. With an introductory text by Kees Broos. Edition Marzona, Düsseldorf, 1981

literature

  • Yvonne Brentjens Piet Zwart, 1885-1977: senior engineer at the Gemeentemuseum, The Hague, 2008
  • Herbert Spencer: pioneers of modern typography. Axel Juncker, Munich a. a., 1970, pp. 109-119.

Web links

Commons : Piet Zwart  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Biography Piet Zwart ( Memento from February 24, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ Ulrich Knaack, Sharon Chung-Klatte, Reinhard Hasselbach Systembau: Principles of Construction. Birkhäuser, Basel, 2012, p. 20
  3. ^ Piet Zwart Institute
personal data
SURNAME Zwart, Piet
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch typographer, photographer, designer, interior designer and teacher
DATE OF BIRTH May 28, 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH Zaandijk
DATE OF DEATH September 24, 1977
Place of death Wassenaar