Pietro d'Abano

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Pietro d'Abano

Pietro d'Abano , in German also Petrus von Abano (Latin Petrus de Abano or Petrus Aponus ; * 1250 or 1257 in Abano near Padua , † 1316 in Padua), was a scholastic physician, philosopher , mathematician and astrologer .

Life

Pietro d'Abano was the son of a notary and after studying art and medicine he stayed longer (probably between 1270 and 1290) in Constantinople . There he acquired extensive knowledge of the Greek and Arabic languages ​​and scholarship. Around 1300 he was in Paris, where he got to know the theories and works of the philosopher Averroes and thereby became a supporter of Neoplatonism . Some of his works were also created there, which early on aroused suspicion of the Inquisition in the church . A first trial resulted in an acquittal. In 1306 or 1307 he was appointed to the chair of medicine at the University of Padua , where he also taught philosophy and astrology.

Soon he was again at odds with the Church . Since he refused to retract, he was charged with heresy and turned over to the Inquisition. Before the end of these legal proceedings, d'Abano died in Castel Sant'Angelo in 1316 . The trial continued after his death. He was found guilty and sentenced to death by burning. From various sources it is not clear how the sentence was carried out: In some cases it is reported that only one picture of him was burned because the body could not be found, other sources report that the body was burned by the Dominicans in Padua.

One of his most important works is still today Conciliator differentiarum quae inter philosophos et medicos versantur ("Mediator of the differences between philosophers and doctors"). In 210 Quaestiones he deals with the theory and practice of medicine. Each of the topics is dealt with in steps of four: first the analysis of the technical terms, then an enumeration of the possible solutions, thirdly what, in his opinion, the correct solution to the problem and finally the refutation of other opinions. The structure of this work was also a model for other writings from the late Middle Ages .

He discusses music in two of his works: Conciliator differentiarum philosophorum et precipue medicorum (Venice, 1476) and Expositio Problematum Aristotelis (Mantua, 1475). They contain the traditional idea of ​​music as a discipline of the quadrivium , but also contain references to musical practice.

Frescoes in the Palazzo della Ragione

After Giotto's frescoes were destroyed by a fire in 1420 in the Great Hall of the Palazzo della Ragione in Padua, the room was furnished with a cycle of frescoes between 1425 and 1440, with more than one hundred individual images on astrological themes and based on Pietro's reflections Connect d'Abanos.

Works

Conciliator differentiarum philosophorum et precipue medicorum
  • De venenis. Johannes Vurster, Mantua 1473.
    • Alberico Benedicenti (ed.): Pietro d'Abano (1250-1316): Il trattato "De venenis" . Olschki, Florence 1949 (with commentary)
  • Conciliator differentiarum quae inter philosophos et medicos versantur . Edizioni Antenore, Padua 1985 (reprint of the Venice 1565 edition)
  • The Heidelberg Book of Fate (Astrolabium planum). Insel, Frankfurt / M. 1981 (2 volumes)
  • The heptameron or magic elements (heptameron). Schleierwelten, Wyk / Föhr 2005, ISBN 3-937341-19-6 .
  • Trattati "di Astronomia". Lucidator dubitabilium astronomiae . Edizioni Programma, Padua 1992, ISBN 88-7123-016-7 .

literature

  • Heinz Ladendorf: Pietro d'Abano and Servilio Rizzato . In: Otto Baur (Ed.): Connection. Festschrift for Marielene Putscher. Wienand, Cologne 1984, ISBN 3-87909-136-6 , Vol. 2, pp. 697-713.
  • Luigi Olivieri: Pietro d'Abano e il pensiero neolatino. Filosofia, scienza e ricerca dell'Aristotele greco tra i secoli XIII e XIV (= Saggi e testi 23). Antenore, Padua 1988 (also dissertation, University of Padua).
  • Eugenia Paschetto: Pietro d'Abano. Medico e filosopho . Vallecchi, Florence 1984.
  • Bernhard D. Haage: Peter of Abano. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1131 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ F. Alberto Gallo: Petrus de Abano. In: Grove Music Online. Oxford University Press, January 20, 2001, accessed July 24, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Pietro d'Abano
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Petrus Aponus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian doctor, philosopher and astrologer
DATE OF BIRTH 1250 or 1257
PLACE OF BIRTH Abano near Padua
DATE OF DEATH 1316
Place of death Padua