Picrylaminodinitropyridine

Structural formula
General
Surname	Picrylaminodinitropyridine
other names	PYX 2,6-bis (picrylamino) -3,5-dinitropyridine 2,6-dipicrylamino-3,5-dinitropyridine 3,5-Dinitro- N , N '-bis (2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) -2,6-pyridinediamine
Molecular formula	C 17 H 7 N 11 O 16
Brief description	yellow crystalline powder
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 38082-89-2 EC number 690-665-9 ECHA InfoCard 100.217.809 PubChem 14597089 ChemSpider 10568228 Wikidata Q2094797
properties
Molar mass	621.31 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	1.77 g cm −3
Melting point	> 187 ° C (decomposition)
solubility	almost insoluble in water
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances H and P phrases H: 201 P: ?
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Picrylaminodinitropyridine (PYX) is a high- energy aromatic nitro compound that is used in the manufacture of particularly heat-resistant explosives for petroleum exploration.

properties

PYX is non-toxic and non-irritating to the skin. It has the best temperature resistance of all known high-risk explosives, but is a little less explosive than hexanitrostilbene .

Extraction and presentation

By heating 2,6-diaminopyridine C ₅ H ₇ N ₃ and picryl chloride in anhydrous ethanol with sodium hydrogen carbonate , 2,6-bis (picrylamino) pyridine (BPAP) is formed, from which PYX is obtained by nitration with highly concentrated nitric acid .

use

PYX is used to produce shaped charges for use at high ambient temperatures of up to 260 ° C and high pressures of up to 150 MPa. It is used in large quantities in the exploitation of oil fields.

literature

• Thomas M. Klapötke, Jörg Stierstorfer, Michael Weyrauther, Tomasz G. Witkowski: Synthesis and Investigation of 2,6-Bis (picrylamino) -3,5-dinitro-pyridine (PYX) and Its Salts . In: Chemistry - A European Journal . tape 22 , no. 25 , 2016, p. 8619–8626 , doi : 10.1002 / chem.201600769 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Safety data sheet PYX Explosive at Detotec North America, accessed May 8, 2018 (PDF; 28 kB).
2. ↑ There is not yet a harmonized classification for this substance . A labeling of 3,5-dinitro-2-N, 6-N-bis (2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) pyridine-2,6-diamine in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency is shown, which is derived from a self-classification by the distributor (ECHA), accessed May 8, 2018.
3. ↑ Jonas A. Zukas, William Walters: Explosive Effects and Applications . Springer Science & Business Media, 2013, ISBN 978-1-4612-0589-0 , pp. 162 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
4. ↑ Jonathan Bellarby: Well Completion Design . Elsevier, 2009, ISBN 978-0-08-093252-1 , pp. 48 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
5. ↑ Jai Prakash Agrawal: High Energy Materials Propellants, Explosives and Pyrotechnics . John Wiley & Sons, 2010, ISBN 978-3-527-32610-5 , pp. 97 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
6. ↑ Jai Prakash Agrawal, Robert Hodgson: Organic Chemistry of Explosives . John Wiley & Sons, 2007, ISBN 0-470-05935-4 , pp. 317 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
7. ↑ Oilfield Review: High-Pressure, High-Temperature Well Logging, Perforating and Testing ( Memento of July 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on July 23, 2015