Pill nettle
| Pill nettle | ||||||||||||
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Pill nettle ( Urtica pilulifera ) |
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| Urtica pilulifera | ||||||||||||
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The pill nettle ( Urtica pilulifera ) or Roman nettle is a species of plant in the nettle family (Urticaceae).
features
The pill nettle is an annual or biennial herbaceous plant that can reach heights of between 30 and 100 centimeters. She has stinging hair . The opposite leaves are pointed-ovate and slightly longer than the petiole, their edge is serrated. Four Nebenblätter per node ( wound dry ) present.
The inflorescences are unisexual. Male inflorescences are paniculate and branched, while females are arranged in spherical, long-stalked heads. In the female flowers , the envelope is four-part and inflated; there are two short outer and two long inner sections which are densely covered by bristle hairs.
The flowering period extends from April to October.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24 of the 26.
Occurrence
The species occurs in the Mediterranean area and in Southwest Asia . It grows in damp, nitrogen-rich weed meadows and along roadsides. In southern Europe, it is a species of the Chenopodion muralis association. In Central Europe, the pill nettle used to be cultivated because of the slimy seeds and it went wild in some places.
use
The oily fruits, which were available in most pharmacies in earlier centuries, have been used as tonic and tonic.
supporting documents
- ↑ a b c d e Peter Schönfelder , Ingrid Schönfelder: What blooms on the Mediterranean? . Franckh, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-440-05790-9 .
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 322.
- ↑ Heidelore Kluge: Stinging nettle: medicinal plant and more. Haug, Heidelberg 1999, ISBN 3-7760-1751-1 .
Web links
- Pill nettle. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Distribution map for Germany. In: Floraweb .
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )