Black Bibernelle

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Black Bibernelle
Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Umbelliferae (Apiales)
Family : Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Subfamily : Apioideae
Genre : Beaverella ( Pimpinella )
Type : Black Bibernelle
Scientific name
Pimpinella nigra
Mill.

The black Bibernelle ( Pimpinella nigra ) is a species from the genus of the Bibernelle ( Pimpinella ).

features

The black Bibernelle is a deciduous, perennial, herbaceous half-rosette plant that reaches heights of 40 to 80 centimeters. The stem is round, slightly grooved and almost full. Above it only has almost spiderless leaf sheaths . Up to the first branch it is coiled with shaggy hair. The leaves are densely hairy on the top and bottom. After blooming, the styles are shorter than the young fruits. Ovaries and fruits are bare. The fresh root turns blue when cut (often only in the area of ​​the bark).

The flowering period extends from July to September.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 40.

Occurrence

The black Bibernelle grows on xerothermal lawns. In Central Europe it is a species of the order Festucetalia valesiacae. In Germany it occurs scattered in Bavaria, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt and rarely in Rhineland-Palatinate, Thuringia, Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Their distribution is not fully known. It is known from the following countries within Europe and the Mediterranean: France, Germany, Austria, Italy, the Czech Republic, Sweden, Russia, Belarus, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Montenegro.

Systematics

The systematic position of the Black Bibernelle is unclear. Some authors (Fischer, Gustav Hegi ) regard it as a subspecies of the Little Bibernelle .

use

The root of the black bibernelle contains a light blue-greenish essential oil that was used by liqueur manufacturers to give their drinks a beautiful blue color.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Pimpinella nigra at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  2. ^ R. Hand (2011): Apiaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Data sheet Pimpinella
  3. ↑ G.Hegi, Volume V / 2, page 1208.

literature

  • Eckehart J. Jäger, Klaus Werner (ed.): Rothmaler excursion flora from Germany. Volume 4: Vascular Plants: Critical Volume . Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-8274-1496-2 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer , Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 .
  • Gustav Hegi : Illustrated Flora of Central Europe , Volume V / 2, 2nd edition. Paul Parey Publishing House, Berlin-Hamburg 1975. ISBN 3-489-74021-1 .

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