Pindrow fir
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Pindrow fir ( Abies pindrow ) |
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| Abies pindrow | ||||||||||||
| ( Royle ex D. Don ) Royle |
The Abies Pindrow ( Abies pindrow ) is a plant from the genus of fir ( Abies ) in the family of Pinaceae (Pinaceae). The species is native to the western Himalayas and the adjacent mountains.
description
The pindrow fir is an evergreen tree that can grow up to 60 meters tall and up to 2.4 meters in diameter at chest height . The narrow crown usually has a conical shape. Young trees have a smooth, grayish bark , which forms furrows in older trees and turns gray-brown in color. The yellow-gray to red-brown branch bark is hairless.
The large and resinous buds are spherical. The needles are 2.5 to 6 inches long and 1.5 to 2 millimeters wide. The needles are often split, only young needles are pointed. The top of the needle is glossy dark green in color. On the underside of the needle there are two grayish stomatal ligaments .
The reddish-green male cones are 1 to 2 centimeters tall and are elliptical in shape. The cylindrical cones are 10 to 18 centimeters long and 6 to 7 millimeters thick. As they ripen in September, the initially dark purple cones turn brown. The seed scales of the cones are around 3 centimeters in size. The seeds are 1 to 1.2 centimeters long and have wings that are twice as long as the seed.
Distribution and location
The natural distribution area of the Pindrow fir extends from the mountains in eastern Afghanistan over the northern Indian Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the states of Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh to Nepal. The species is found at altitudes from 2000 to 3100 meters.
Mixed stands are often formed with the Himalayan cedar ( Cedrus deodara ), the Himalayan spruce ( Picea smithiana ) and the teardrop pine ( Pinus wallichiana ).
use
The wood is used as construction wood as well as for the production of matches and cellulose .
Systematics
The Pindrow fir is assigned to the Momi section and the Holophyllae subsection within the genus of firs ( Abies ) . Synonyms for the species are Abies webbiana var. Pindrow (Royle) Brandis and Pinus pindrow (Royle) D. Don .
Varieties
In addition to the nominate form, a distinction is made between two varieties :
- Abies pindrow var. Brevifolia Dallim. & AB Jacks. has reddish-brown buds and shorter needles than the nominate form . It is native to northern India. Occasionally it is listed as an independent species Abies gamblei Hickel .
- Abies pindrow var. Intermedia Henry is an intermediate form between the Pindrow fir and the Himalayan fir ( Abies spectabilis ) and evidently arises from hybridization in the overlapping area of the two species. In its appearance, var. Intermedia is very similar to the Pindrow fir. Only the needles are combed, up to 5.5 cm long and with a convex underside.
Hazard and protection
The species is listed as "not endangered" in the IUCN Red List . However, it is pointed out that a renewed examination of the hazard is necessary.
swell
- Christopher J. Earle: Abies Pindrow. In: The Gymnosperm Database. Retrieved November 15, 2010 .
- Abies pindrow. In: Flora of Pakistan. Retrieved November 15, 2010 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Christopher J. Earle: Abies pindrow. In: The Gymnosperm Database. Retrieved November 15, 2010 .
- ↑ a b c d e Abies pindrow. In: Flora of Pakistan. Retrieved November 15, 2010 .
- ↑ a b Abies pindrow in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Conifer Specialist Group, 1998. Accessed November 15 of 2010.
- ↑ Abies pindrow var. Brevifolia. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). USDA, accessed November 15, 2010 .
