Police Directorate Vienna (Schottenring 11)

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Former police headquarters at Schottenring 11

The Vienna Police Headquarters at Schottenring 11 in Vienna's 1st district , Innere Stadt , was the second police headquarters location in the course of its history from 1875 to 1945.

prehistory

In 1869 the uniformed Imperial and Royal Security Guard was founded, which, as a civilian guard, replaced the military police guard that had been active up until then. Since 1870 the guard no longer belonged to the national defense but to the interior ministry. In 1871 the establishment of the police telegraph network began. At that time, the Vienna Police Rayon extended beyond the already incorporated urban settlement area to still independent (suburban) communities.

Police director Anton Ritter von Le Monnier proposed the construction of a management building, which was to house the kk police headquarters itself, a police prison and a barracks for the new security guard for 600 to 800 men, on the property of the “Red House” on Schwarzspanierstrasse and Garnisongasse im 9th district in front. This new building was to replace the previous police headquarters at Petersplatz 7 and the police prison in Sterngasse (both 1st district).

Le Monnier's successor in office, Police President Wilhelm Freiherr Marx von Marxberg , continued to pursue this project and submitted detailed plans to the Imperial and Royal Government on January 31, 1874 after the World Exhibition in 1873 , the security services of which had used all the energies of the Vienna police. The main reason for the rejection was the question of cost. In addition, it was argued that the three-year construction period would mean that the police headquarters would have to remain in the outdated and cramped building, which officially would have been associated with inappropriateness.

Purchase and new construction

On March 13, 1874, Marx von Marxberg submitted an alternative project. Proposals have now been made to purchase the Hotel Austria at Schottenring 11 (1st district) built for Austria Hotel-Aktien-Gesellschaft, which was founded on May 1, 1873 according to plans by Wilhelm Fraenkel on the occasion of the 1873 World Exhibition, as well as the acquisition of an additional plot of land nearby, in order to be able to build a police prison and barracks for the Imperial and Royal Security Guard on it.

This project found support from the Lower Austrian governor, Baron Conrad von Eybesfeld , and the Minister of the Interior and Finance, Baron Josef Lasser von Zollheim . After Emperor Franz Joseph I had given the necessary approval with a supreme resolution on July 27, 1874, the building could be purchased in the same year; the first departments of the police headquarters moved in in 1875.

(The implementation of the second part of the project, the construction of a separate police prison as a replacement for the Sterngasse police prison and a barracks for the security guard, was postponed for 30 years. It was not until 1904 that the newly constructed police building on Elisabethpromenade , then popularly known as “Liesl "Called, today: Rossauer Lände, corner of Türkenstrasse and Berggasse. It is still in operation as a police prison today.)

Functions

In the police department, under the supervision of the Ministry of the Interior, the civil security agendas for Vienna were (and are) to be organized and coordinated:

On the ground floor of the new management building, the post office as well as in the police building on the Elisabeth promenade set up a publicly accessible post office, which was also connected to the pneumatic tube . This enabled the police headquarters to transport documents quickly; In Vienna at that time the normal mail delivery by postmen took place three times a day: morning, noon and evening.

From 1899 the kk police museum was housed in two rooms of the police headquarters. In 1904 it was moved to the Elisabethpromenade, where five halls and a lecture hall were reserved.

In the period between the two world wars, the Vienna Police Directorate was the headquarters of Interpol due to the excellent reputation of the Viennese police work and the advanced technical equipment . Police President Johann Schober acted twice as Federal Chancellor .

From the march of German troops into Austria on March 12, 1938 until mid-April 1938, the police headquarters were the seat of Department II, the Gestapo . After that, the Gestapo offices, which were scattered across different locations in Vienna, moved to a common seat in the Hotel Metropol on Morzinplatz.

After the destruction

In the courtyard of the police headquarters , which was destroyed by bombs in the final weeks of the Second World War in 1945, a commemorative plaque donated by the Federal Ministry of the Interior for 12 Viennese police officers who, because of their resistance, was erected by Police President Arthur Klauser in the presence of Interior Minister Oskar Helmer the Nazi regime had been executed. In 1974 this plaque was placed in the anteroom of the ballroom of the new building of the Vienna Police Headquarters at Schottenring 7 - 9 , the location of the atonement house , which was also destroyed, and other buildings.

The Vienna Federal Police Department was located in Vienna 1., Parkring 8 ( Palais Erzherzog Wilhelm ) from 1945–1974 .

The property at Schottenring 11 stood empty for decades after 1945. In 1971 a competition was held for the new building of the auditorium on the site, but this new building was finally erected in the 3rd district. In 1988 the “Hilton Vienna Plaza Hotel” was opened here as the last war-related new building on the Ringstrasse. This building is owned by a foundation left by Karl Wlaschek in 2015 .

literature

Web links

credentials

  1. ↑ Bundespolizeidirektion Wien (Ed.): 80 Years of the Vienna Security Guard , Verlag für Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1949, pp. 19, 34 f.
  2. ↑ Bundespolizeidirektion Wien: 100 Years of the Vienna Security Guard , Vienna 1969, p. 49
  3. ↑ 80 years , p. 36
  4. ↑ Czeike, Volume 4, p. 530
  5. ^ Official Journal of the Wiener Zeitung, company protocols, Tuesday, May 13, 1873, p. 657
  6. ^ Felix Czeike (Ed.): Historisches Lexikon Wien . Volume 4, Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1995, ISBN 3-218-00546-9 , p. 571.
  7. ↑ http://www.bmi.gv.at/cms/BMI_OeffigteSicherheit/2005/05_06/files/Kriminalmuseum.pdf
  8. ↑ http://www.nachkriegsjustiz.at/vgew/1010_bundespolizeidion.php
  9. ^ Dehio-Handbuch Vienna I. District - Inner City
  10. ^ Karl Wlaschek's real estate in the first district of Vienna , in: Falter (weekly newspaper) , No. 33/2015, August 12, 2015, p. 16

Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 55.6 ″  N , 16 ° 21 ′ 53.3 ″  E