Police regiment

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Police regiments (also spelled police regiment ) were paramilitary units of the Ordnungspolizei of National Socialist Germany during World War II . From February 24, 1943, the designation SS police regiment was used for the police regiments . In addition, from 1943 there were also police rifle regiments with non-Reich German protection teams .

Lineup

In 1939 the Ordnungspolizei under Kurt Daluege set up 21 police battalions with around 500 men each to support the Wehrmacht. They gave up their trained teams to form further battalions and were replenished by drafted reservists .

Special police battalions with the numbers 251-256 and 301-325 were formed from volunteers from autumn 1939. From them the new elite organizations of the regulatory police should emerge.

Motorized police regiments were then formed from the independent police battalions by decree of the Reichsführer SS and chief of the German police Heinrich Himmler of July 9, 1942. Each regiment consisted of 3 to 4 battalions and one each message - Panzerspäh - and tank destroyers - company .

The police-rifle regiments were formed according to the decree of the Reichsführer SS and Chief of the German Police of March 29, 1943. Between October 1943 and October 1944, the four additional police regiments "Bozen", "Alpenvorland", "Schlanders" and "Brixen" were set up from South Tyroleans .

Police regiments

(SS) Police Regiment 1
formed on July 9, 1942 from Police Battalions 2, 3 and 10
(SS) Police Regiment 2
formed on July 9, 1942 from Police Battalions 11 , 13 and 22
(SS) Police Regiment 3
formed on July 9, 1942 from the police battalions 66, 68 and 105, later name was SS Police Regiment "Nordost" 1 , deployed in the "Fortress Netherlands"
(SS) Police Regiment 4
formed in France in July 1942 from police battalions 316 and 323
(SS) Police Regiment 5
formed on July 9, 1942 from police battalions 64 and 322
(SS) Police Regiment 6
formed on July 9, 1942 from police battalions 82, 311 and 318
(SS) Police Regiment 7
formed on July 9, 1942 from police battalions 309, 317 and 123
(SS) Police Regiment 8
formed on July 9, 1942 from police battalions 91, 111 and 134, almost completely destroyed in the Battle of Budapest in February 1945
(SS) Police Regiment 9
formed on July 9, 1942 from police battalions 61, 112 and 132
(SS) Police Regiment 10
Set up as the headquarters of the Police Regiment South in Krakow in preparation for the Russian campaign in May 1941 , formed from Police Battalions 45, 303 and 314, renamed Police Regiment 10 on July 9, 1942, almost at the Battle of Budapest in February 1945 completely destroyed
(SS) Police Regiment 11
As a police regiment zbV intended for use in the Caucasus in the summer of 1941 , the police battalions comprised 304 , 315 and 320
(SS) Police Regiment 12
formed on July 9, 1942 in Hamburg from police battalions 103, 104 and 105, almost completely destroyed in the battle of Budapest in February 1945
(SS) Police Regiment 13
Formed as the Police Regiment Mitte in June 1941, re-formed on July 9, 1942 in Warsaw from police battalions 307 , 316 and 322
(SS) Police Regiment 14
formed on July 9, 1942 in southern Russia from police battalions 51, 122 and 313
(SS) Police Regiment 15th
Set up as the headquarters of the North Police Regiment in preparation for the Russian campaign in May 1941, formed from Police Battalions 22, 53 and 319, renamed Police Regiment 14 on July 9, 1942
(SS) Police Regiment 16
formed on July 9, 1942 in northern Russia from police battalions 56, 102, 121 and 305
(SS) Police Regiment 17th
Formed on July 9, 1942 in Northern Russia from Police Battalions 42, 69 and 74
(SS) Police Mountain Infantry Regiment 18th
Set up on July 9, 1942 for use in the northern Caucasus , after the Wehrmacht's withdrawal at the end of 1942, first to the Kiestinki Front in Finland and then to Greece in the summer of 1943
(SS) Police Regiment 19th
formed on July 9, 1942 in Northern Russia from the police battalions 72, 171 and 181
(SS) Police Regiment 20
as the Bohemian Police Regiment, he was subordinate to the police battalions 319, 32, 316, 317 and 320 in June 1941 and renamed Police Regiment 20 on July 9, 1942
(SS) Police Regiment 21
As the Police Regiment Moravia, he was subordinate to the Police Battalions 315, 318 and 84 in June 1941, and renamed Police Regiment 21 on July 9, 1942
(SS) Police Regiment 22
After the conquest and occupation of Poland and the associated formation of the General Government on November 4, 1939, formed as the Warsaw Police Regiment , in June 1941 the police battalions 301, 304 and 307 were subordinate to it, and on July 9, 1942 the staff became part of the Police Regiment 23 and the new regiment was formed from police battalions 41 and 53 and other individual companies
(SS) Police Regiment 23
After the conquest and occupation of Poland and the associated formation of the General Government on November 4, 1939 as the Radom Police Regiment , it was subordinate to the 309 , 310 and 305 police battalions in June 1941 , and on July 9, 1942 the staff was transferred to the Police Regiment 23 and the new regiment was formed from Police Battalion 307 and other individual companies
(SS) Police Regiment 24
After the conquest and occupation of Poland and the associated formation of the General Government on November 4, 1939 as the Krakow Police Regiment , it was subordinate to the police battalions 311, 321, 303 and 314 in June 1941, and on July 9, 1942 the staff became police -Regiment 24 was renamed and the new regiment was formed from police battalions 83, 153 and 93
(SS) Police Regiment 25
After the conquest and occupation of Poland and the associated formation of the General Government on November 4, 1939 as the Lublin Police Regiment , it was subordinate to the 306 , 308 and 313 police battalions in June 1941 , and on July 9, 1942 the staff became part of the Police Regiment 25 and the new regiment was formed from police battalions 65, 67 and 101
(SS) Police Regiment 26
In early 1942 in Norway of the rod Police Regiment Northern Norway erected on 9 July 1942, the staff in police regiment was renamed 26 and the new regiment of the police battalions 251, 255 and 256 formed
(SS) Police Regiment 27
At the beginning of 1942, the headquarters of the Police Regiment South Norway was set up in Norway ; on July 9, 1942, the headquarters were renamed Police Regiment 27 and the new regiment was formed from police battalions 319, 321, 9 and 44
(SS) Police Regiment Todt (No. 28)
Set up in November 1942 to secure the units of the Todt Organization deployed in the occupied territories , formed from police battalions 33, 62 and 69
SS Police Regiment 29
Set up on April 16, 1945 from the remnants of SS Police Regiment 1 and subordinated to the Wirth Police Brigade (later 35th SS and Police Grenadier Division ).
SS Police Regiment 30
set up on April 16, 1945 from the remnants of the SS Police Regiment 2 and subordinated to the Wirth Police Brigade (later 35th SS Police Grenadier Division).
(SS) Police Regiment 50
formed in February 1945 from the remnants of the battered SS police regiments of Army Group Vistula
(SS) Police Regiment Bolzano
Set up in South Tyrol on October 1, 1943 , on April 16, 1944 the name was changed to SS Police Regiment Bolzano . See also Massacre in the Ardeatine Caves .
(SS) Police Regiment Brixen
Set up in October 1944 from members of the SS Police Regiment 26 and from South Tyrolean recruits, renamed the SS Police Regiment Brixen on January 29, 1945
(SS) Police Regiment Schlanders
Established in October 1944 from members of the South Tyrolean security service, renamed the SS Police Regiment Schlanders on January 29, 1945
(SS) Police Regiment Alpine Foreland
Set up from South Tyrolean recruits in October 1944, renamed the SS Police Regiment Alpenvorland on January 29, 1945

Police rifle regiments

On September 18, 1939, a police division was set up from members of the Ordnungspolizei . She consisted u. a. from Police Rifle Regiments 1 to 3. These were transferred to SS Panzergrenadier regiments on February 24, 1942. New police rifle regiments were created on the basis of the decree of the Reichsführer SS and chief of the German police Heinrich Himmler of March 29, 1943.

Police Rifle Regiment 31
formed on April 21, 1943 from the 1st Battalion of the (SS) Police Regiment 12 and from Ukrainian protection teams
Police Rifle Regiment 32
formed on April 21, 1943 in Bialystok from the 1st Battalion of the (SS) Police Regiment 17 and from Ukrainian protection teams
Police Rifle Regiment 33
on April 21, 1943 in Ukraine from the 1st Battalion of the (SS) Police Regiment 20 and from Ukrainian protection teams
Police Rifle Regiment 34
Set up in Bialystok on April 21, 1943 from the 1st Battalion of the (SS) Police Regiment 21 and from Ukrainian protection teams
Police Rifle Regiment 35
on April 21, 1943 in Litzmannstadt formed from the 1st Battalion of the 21st (SS) Police Regiment and from Ukrainian protection teams; Police Rifle Regiment 36
Police Rifle Regiment 37
Set up from Ukrainian protection teams by the commander of the Rowno police force in southern Russia at the end of November 1943 , existed until April 1944
Police Rifle Regiment 38
Formed in August 1944 with the Higher SS and Police Leader "Black Sea" in Galatz in Romania

War crimes

When the attack on Poland , the police battalions were already in use from September 1939 and were initially used to capture dispersed soldiers, recover the military equipment left behind by the enemy and guard prisoner- of- war camps.

Later in the war the police units committed numerous war crimes such as enforced disappearances and mass killings and were the Einsatzgruppen entangled that the invasion of Poland in 1939, the Balkan campaign in 1941 and especially in the war against the Soviet Union from 1941 to 1945 the implementation the National Socialist racial ideology and genocide policy .

In his study, Klemp comes to the conclusion that "at least half a million people" fell victim to direct actions by the approximately 50,000 police battalion members. To do this, he had determined data on 125 battalions. At least 75 of them were suspected to have been directly or indirectly involved in mass crimes. In the Federal Republic of Germany, from 1954, members of various battalions were investigated, and there were numerous convictions, even if the investigations were sometimes very hesitant.

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