Celebrity

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Structural formula
Structure of Promin
General
Non-proprietary name Glucosulfone
other names
  • Aceprosol
  • Promanide
  • Tasmin
  • Sulfona P
Molecular formula C 24 H 34 N 2 Na 2 O 18 S 3
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 554-18-7
EC number 209-064-6
ECHA InfoCard 100.008.241
PubChem 3481
ChemSpider 3361
Wikidata Q3067967
Drug information
Drug class

Sulfones

properties
Molar mass 780.70 g mol −1
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling
no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Celebrity

Promin, or glucosulfone, is a drug with a sulfone structure that has been studied for the treatment of malaria , tuberculosis, and leprosy . It is a prodrug that is broken down in the body into the therapeutically effective form dapsone .

history

The first synthesis of Promine is sometimes attributed to Edward Tillitson and BF Tuller of Parke, Davis, & Co. Medicines in August 1937. In fact, Emil Fromm and J. Wittmann synthesized various sulfone compounds in 1908, including dapsone and some of its derivatives, as well as promin. Fromm and Wittmann, however, devoted themselves to chemical investigations, not to drug research; therefore, the medical uses of these compounds have not been studied for decades.

The unexpected discovery of the value of synthetic compounds such as B. Sulphonamides in the treatment of microbial diseases led scientists to study sulphones as drugs. Previous research gave disappointing results, but later Promin and Dapsone proved their worth in the treatment of mycobacterial diseases. These sulfones were the first drugs that gave hope to control such inflammation.

At first, Promin seemed less risky than Dapsone; therefore, it was further studied at the Mayo Clinic in a guinea pig model as a treatment for tuberculosis. Because leprosy and tuberculosis were known to be caused by mycobacteria ( Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis ), Guy Henry Faget of the National Leprosarium in Carville, Louisiana asked Parke-Davis for information about dapsone. Parke-Davis informed him further about the investigation of leprosy in rats by Edmund Cowdry at the medical faculty of Washington University in St. Louis had been carried out. His successful results, published in 1941, convinced Faget to begin research on humans; with promin and sulfoxone sodium, a related substance developed by Abbott Laboratories . The first experiments were carried out with six volunteers and later repeated at different locations with larger experimental groups. Despite severe side effects, which meant that the first attempts were briefly interrupted, the result was that Promin was effective. This breakthrough, published worldwide, reduced the fear of leprosy, and therefore also led to better treatment for patients who at the time were still referred to as "inmates" and were not allowed to use public transport.

pharmacology

Promin is water soluble and can be administered intravenously. Due to the heat stability of Promin, injection preparations can be sterilized by heating .

Despite its solubility in water, Promin has not been able to prevail over the orally active dapsone. Even in the case of intolerance to dapsone, it cannot replace this, since such intolerance generally represents a group reaction towards sulfone compounds.

Today, the drugs of choice for treating leprosy are dapsone, rifampicin, and clofazimine .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
  2. ^ Leo B. Slater: War and disease: biomedical research on malaria in the twentieth century . Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ 2009, ISBN 0-8135-4438-6 , p. 102.
  3. ↑ Dr David Lilienfeld; Prof Dona Schneider: Public Health: The Development of a Discipline, Volume 2, Twentieth-Century Challenges, vol. 2 . Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ 2011, ISBN 0-8135-5009-2 , p. 351.
  4. ↑ Faget GH, et al. (1943) The Promin Treatment of Leprosy, Public Health Report 58: 1729-1741, (Reprint Int J Lepr 34 (3), 298-310, 1966).
  5. ↑ McDougall AC: Dapsone . In: Clinical and Experimental Dermatology . 4, No. 2, June 1979, pp. 139-42. PMID 498567 .
  6. ^ Johansen EA: Current Data on Promin Therapy; reprinted in The Star October-December 2003 . ( PDF ).
  7. ↑ a b Wozel, Gottfried: The Story of Sulfones in Tropical Medicine and Dermatology . In: International Journal of Dermatology , Volume 28: pp. 17-21, January 1989. doi: 10.1111 / j.1365-4362.1989.tb01301.x
  8. ↑ Desikan, KV; Multi-drug Regimen in Leprosy and its Impact on Prevalence of the Disease; MJAFI (Medical Journal, Armed Forces India) 2003; 59: 2-4.
  9. ↑ a b Sneader, Walter: Drug discovery: a history . Wiley, New York 2005, ISBN 0-471-89979-8 .
  10. ↑ John Tayman: The Colony. Simon and Schuster, 2006, ISBN 978-0-7432-3300-2 , p. 252 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  11. ↑ Hope for Lepers . In: Time Magazine , December 30, 1946. Retrieved July 22, 2011. 
  12. ↑ a b Rajbir Singh: Synthetic Drugs. Mittal Publications, 2002, ISBN 978-81-7099-831-0 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  13. ^ Seth: Textbook Of Pharmacology. Elsevier India, 2008, ISBN 978-81-312-1158-8 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  14. ↑ Enrique Ravina: The Evolution of Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons, 2011, ISBN 978-3-527-32669-3 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).