Protein kinase PLK1
| Protein kinase PLK1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 603 amino acids | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene name | PLK1 | |
| External IDs | ||
| Enzyme classification | ||
| EC, category | 2.7.11.21 , kinase | |
| Response type | Phosphorylation | |
| Substrate | ATP + protein | |
| Products | ADP + phosphoprotein | |
| Occurrence | ||
| Homology family | Polo-like kinase | |
| Parent taxon | Eukaryotes | |
| Orthologue | ||
| human | House mouse | |
| Entrez | 5347 | 18817 |
| Ensemble | ENSG00000166851 | ENSMUSG00000030867 |
| UniProt | P53350 | Q07832 |
| Refseq (mRNA) | NM_005030 | NM_011121 |
| Refseq (protein) | NP_005021 | NP_035251 |
| Gene locus | Chr 16: 23.68 - 23.69 Mb | Chr 7: 122.16 - 122.17 Mb |
| PubMed search | 5347 |
18817
|
The protein kinase PLK1 (also: Polo-like-Kinase 1 ) is an enzyme in eukaryotes , a so-called kinase that phosphorylates various proteins in the cell nucleus and thus exercises a regulatory function during cell division . PLK1 is activated by growth-promoting factors. In humans, PLK1 is particularly localized in the cell nuclei of placenta and intestinal tissue and is excessively produced in some tumors . Inhibitors for the enzyme are therefore considered possible drugs against cancer .
PLK1 belongs to the polo-like kinases . They are mitotic kinases, i.e. those that are involved in regulating the cell cycle . They are serine / threonine kinases that are highly conserved in various species.
structure
PLK1 consists of 603 amino acids , a catalytic domain at the amino terminus (which in turn can be subdivided into eleven subdomains) and three conserved polo boxes at the carboxy terminus. They control the function of PLK1 during mitosis and cellular localization.
function
PLK1 has a variety of functions in the cell, the most important of which are phosphorylation and thus activation of the cyclin-dependent phosphatase Cdc25, which is required for the formation of the bipolar spindle during the prometaphase of the cell cycle. In addition, Plk 1 interacts with APC, the anaphase-promoting complex, which is responsible for the breakdown of mitotic proteins.
PLK1 is highly expressed in proliferating tissue and appears to be overexpressed in a number of tumor tissues. Inhibitors of PLK1, such as BI 7278, are therefore important candidates for new therapeutic approaches in cancer therapy.
Individual evidence
- ↑ UniProt P53350
- ↑ Nigg EA: Polo-like kinases: positive regulators of cell division from start to finish . In: Curr. Opin. Cell Biol . 10, No. 6, December 1998, pp. 776-83. PMID 9914175 .