Psathyrella aquatica
| Psathyrella aquatica | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Psathyrella aquatica | ||||||||||||
| JL Frank , Coffan & D. Southw. |
Psathyrella aquatica is a lamellar fungus from the family of the kernel relatives . It is the first species of lamellar fungus known to science to produce fruit underwater. According to genetic studies, it is to be assigned to the genus of the Mürblinge ( Psathyrella ) with Psathyrella atomata , Psathyrella fontinalis and Psathyrella superiorensis as closest relatives.
description
The fruiting bodies appear under water. Their narrow, thin-fleshed hats reach a diameter of 8 to 15 millimeters, have a smooth surface with a light brown to brownish-gray color and a partially speckled or striped pattern. The thin, intermingled lamellas are attached to the stem and pale brownish or white after the spores have been shed. The long, fibrous stems are hollow, 4 to 9.5 centimeters high and are slightly tapered towards the tip from 1.8 to 3.2 to 1 to 2.2 millimeters. At the base there are fluffy rhizomorphs . Young fruiting bodies have a shell that they soon lose.
The dark spores measure 10 to 14 by 6 to 8 micrometers and are ellipsoidal in shape. Their surfaces are smooth and have a germ pore. They appear violet-black as a spore powder imprint, dark reddish-brown when swimming in water and turn gray-brown with potassium hydroxide and purple with sulfuric acid . They grow in groups of four on club-shaped basidia . In the cell tissue there are bulbous cystids with a rounded tip.
Habitat and Ecology
Psathyrella aquatica occurs in the US state of Oregon and is fruiting submersed in running water up to a depth of half a meter. The fruiting bodies usually remain permanently under water and also seem to withstand strong currents. The spores are released as wedge-shaped rafts into a gas bubble under the hat.
The construction of the lamellae and the ejection of the spores (ballistospores) indicate a more recent adaptation to the submerged habitat.
history
The species was discovered in 2005 by Robert Coffan ( Southern Oregon University ) in the upper Rogue River and described by Frank and Coffan in 2010. Molecular phylogenetic studies confirmed the new species in 2010. In 2011, its discovery was selected as one of the annual top 10 newly discovered species for 2011 by the International Institute for Species Exploration (IISE, in Tempe, AZ, USA).
Web links
swell
- ↑ Jonathan L. Frank, Robert A. Coffan, Darlene Southworth: Aquatic gilled mushrooms: Psathyrella fruiting in the Rogue River in southern Oregon . In: Mycologia . tape 102 , no. 1 (January / February), January 2010, ISSN 0027-5514 , p. 93-107 , doi : 10.3852 / 07-190 .
- ↑ Dennis E. Desjardin, Brian A. Perry, D. Jean Lodge, Cassius V. Stevani, Eiji Nagasawa: Luminescent Mycena: new and noteworthy species . In: Mycologia . tape 102 , no. 2 , April 2010, ISSN 0027-5514 , p. 459-477 , PMID 20361513 .
- ↑ IISE Top10 2011 ( Memento of the original from May 29, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
