Pterocarpus macrocarpus
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Pterocarpus macrocarpus |
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Pterocarpus macrocarpus , also called english Burma-Padouk or Maidu is a plant of the genus Pterocarpus in the sub-family of papilionaceous (Faboideae). It is native to tropical Asia. The wood is used.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Pterocarpus macrocarpus grows as a deciduous, medium-sized to large tree in the dry season , which usually reaches heights of 10 to 25 meters, sometimes up to 35 meters. It has a medium growth rate. In dense forests, long and relatively straight trunks are formed, in open locations the trunks are rather short and the treetops are expansive. In their natural range, these trees rarely exceed stature heights of more than 30 meters and trunk diameters ( chest height diameter ) of more than 0.7 meters. As ornamental trees, they can grow larger, for example an approximately 64-year-old specimen was measured in Puerto Rico with a stature height of 39 meters and a breast height diameter of 1.7 meters. The gray-brown bark peels off and makes a red cinema .
The alternate leaves are over 20 cm long. The imparipinnate leaf blades have about eleven pinnate leaves.
Generative characteristics
In Vietnam, the flowering period extends from February to April and in Myanmar from March to May. The flowers are grouped in 5 to 9 cm long, racemose inflorescences .
The fragrant, hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope. The crown has the typical structure of the butterflies . The five petals are yellow.
The lignified, more or less circular, relatively flat legume with a diameter of 4.5 to 7 cm consists of a central area of different thicknesses, usually containing two seeds, and a wide wing surrounding it. These legumes do not open on their own. The reddish-brown seed is 0.8 to 1 cm long and has a leathery seed coat. 1400 to 2000 seeds weigh 1 kg. The fruits are ripe in Vietnam in December. The ripe fruits stay on the tree for a few months.
Occurrence and ecology
The distribution area of Pterocarpus macrocarpus is in tropical Asia: Laos , Thailand , Cambodia , Myanmar , Vietnam . Pterocarpus macrocarpus thrives at altitudes between near sea level and around 670 meters.
Pterocarpus macrocarpus often occurs together with Tectona grandis in moist, deciduous forests. Suitable soils are sandy loam to clay loam with pH values ranging from neutral to very acidic. In the home areas the annual precipitation is between about 1000 and 2000 mm. The monthly average temperatures are fairly evenly around 24 ° C.
Since Pterocarpus macrocarpus grows a little slower than the other species on the site, it has to survive a few years, during which it is dominated by the other species, until a gap appears in the canopy. Therefore, Pterocarpus macrocarpus only makes up small percentages of the top floor of the natural forest.
Taxonomy
The first description of Pterocarpus macrocarpus was in 1874 by Sulpiz Kurz in Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal . Part 2. In: Natural History. 43 (2), p. 187. There are many synonyms for Pterocarpus macrocarpus short: Lingoum cambodianum Pierre, Lingoum glaucinum Pierre, Lingoum gracile Pierre, Lingoum macrocarpum (short) Kuntze, Lingoum oblongum Pierre, Lingoum parvifolium Pierre, Lingoum patum Pierre, Pterocarpus cambodianus (Pierre) Gagnep., Pterocarpus cambodianus Pierre, Pterocarpus cambodianus var. calcicolus Craib, Pterocarpus cambodianus var. gracilis (Pierre) Gagnep., Pterocarpus cambodianus var. parvifolius (Pierre) Gagnep., Pterocarpus macrocarpus var. oblongus (Pierre) Gagnep. , Pterocarpus parvifolius (Pierre) Craib, Pterocarpus parvifolius Pierre, Pterocarpus pedatus (Pierre) Gagnep., Pterocarpus pedatus Pierre.
swell
- John K. Francis: Pterocarpus macrocarpus. International Institute of Tropical Forestry - USDA Forest Service datasheet . 2004.
- at Cambodia Tree Seed Project . (PDF; 274 kB)
- Justo P. Rojo: Pterocarpus (Leguminosae - Papilionaceae) revised for the world. In: Phanerogamarum monographiae. Volume 5, J. Cramer Verlag, Studium / Vaduz / Stuttgart 1972, pp. 1–119.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Pterocarpus macrocarpus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Dorthe Jøker: Pterocarpus macrocarpus In: Seed Leaflet. No. 41, 2000 at Det Biovidenskabelige Faculty Library. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 213 kB)
- ↑ a b c d e f John K. Francis: Data sheet of the International Institute of Tropical Forestry - USDA Forest Service . 2004.
- ↑ Entry in Tropicos .
Web links
- John K. Francis: data sheet PDF. (Spanish)