Ptolemy X.

Portrait head of Ptolemy X .; Egyptian Museum Berlin

Ptolemy X. Alexander I was Pharaoh (king) of Egypt from the dynasty of the Ptolemies in the Ptolemaic period . He ruled from 110 to 109 BC. And from 107 to 88 BC Chr.

Ptolemy X was a son of Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra III. , his older brother was Ptolemy IX. Soter . Although Ptolemy X had the support of his mother after the death of his father, his brother was initially able to succeed him on the throne in Alexandria . Ptolemy X received instead the rule of Cyprus , where he led the title of king. In 107 BC Cleopatra III succeeded in driving out her eldest son for good and in bringing Ptolemy X as her puppet to Alexandria. In the following years both were with the fight against Ptolemaios IX, who fled to the Seleucids . employed. In 101 BC Cleopatra III died, presumably murdered by Ptolemy X himself, after which he assumed sole rule. He married his niece Cleopatra Berenike III. with whom he had a daughter. As 96 BC BC Ptolemaios Apion died, Egypt came into direct neighborhood to Rome , since he had bequeathed the Cyrenaica to the republic.

In 89 BC Ptolemy X was expelled from Alexandria after a popular uprising, but shortly afterwards he managed to return to the city with the help of mercenaries. In order to be able to pay the mercenaries despite an empty state treasury, he is said to have melted down the golden sarcophagus of Alexander the great and replaced it with another. This desecration of the graves is said to have rekindled the anger of the people, whereupon Ptolemy X. had to flee again from the city in which Ptolemy IX. in turn, could move in again. Ptolemy X was killed a little later while trying to retake Cyprus.

literature

Marco Frenschkowski: Ptolemaios X. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 7, Bautz, Herzberg 1994, ISBN 3-88309-048-4 , Sp. 1041-1042. ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
Thomas Schneider : Lexicon of the Pharaohs . Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002, ISBN 3-491-96053-3 , p. 222-223 .

Web links

Ptolemaios X. Alexander I at medieval-genealogie.de (Hellenism)

Individual evidence

^ Strabo : Geôgraphiká. XVII 1.8; The new coffin was made of a translucent material ( hyelos ), probably glass or alabaster.

predecessor	Office	successor
Ptolemy IX Ptolemy IX	King of Egypt 110-109 BC Chr. 107-88 v. Chr.	Ptolemy IX Ptolemy IX

personal data
SURNAME	Ptolemy X.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Ptolemy X. Alexander I.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	King of Egypt
DATE OF BIRTH	2nd century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH	88 BC Chr.

[1] Strabo : Geôgraphiká. XVII 1.8; The new coffin was made of a translucent material ( hyelos ), probably glass or alabaster.