Puccinia melampodii
| Puccinia melampodii | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Puccinia melampodii | ||||||||||||
| Dietel & Holway |
Puccinia melampodii is a stand fungal art from the order of the rust fungi (Pucciniales). The fungus is an endoparasite of various sunflower genera . Symptoms of the infestation by the species are rust spots and pustules on the leaf surfaces of the host plants. It is common in much of America.
features
Macroscopic features
Puccinia melampodii can only be recognized with the naked eye by means of the spore beds protruding on the surface of the host. They grow in nests that appear as yellowish to brown spots and pustules on the leaf surfaces.
Microscopic features
The mycelium of Puccinia melampodii grows as with all Puccinia TYPES intercellular and forms Saugfäden that grow into the storage tissue of the host. Their spermogonia and aecia are unknown. The parts of the species growing predominantly on the underside of the host leaves and on stems are cinnamon-brown, compact and uncovered, they are in dense, confluent groups. The light golden to clear maroon teliospores are two-celled, usually long ovate to long ellipsoid and 35–58 × 16–19 µm in size. Their stalk is colorless to brownish and up to 55 µm long.
distribution
The known distribution area of Puccinia melampodii extends from South America to the central USA .
ecology
The host plants of Puccinia melampodii are various sunflower species . The fungus feeds on the nutrients present in the storage tissue of the plants, its spore beds later break through the leaf surface and release spores. The species goes through a microcyclic development cycle without uredia , of which only Telia and their host are known so far; Spermogonia and Aecien could not be assigned to her.
meaning
Puccinia melampodii is used in Australia for biological pest control of the daisy family Parthenium hysterophorus .
Systematics and taxonomy
Puccinia melampodii was first scientifically described by Dietel and Holway in 1897. The species is closely related to several very similar rusts, all of which are found in South and North America on different daisy family and differ only in their host. It is therefore suggested to classify all these species con-specifically with Puccinia xanthii . Puccinia xanthii is therefore a morpho species .
literature
- George Baker Cummins : Rust Fungi on Legumes and Composites in North America . University of Arizona Press, Tucson 1978, ISBN 0-8165-0653-1 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ K. Dhileepan (2007) Biological Control of Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus) in Australian Rangeland Translates to Improved Grass Production. Weed Science 55 (5): 497-501. doi : 10.1614 / WS-07-045.1 .
- ^ Marion K. Seier, Louise Morín, Marlien van der Merwe, Harry C. Evans, Ángel Romero (2009) Are the microcyclic rust species Puccinia melampodii and Puccinia xanthii conspecific? Mycological research 113: 1271 - 1282. doi : 10.1016 / j.mycres.2009.08.009 .
- ↑ Hennen JF, Figueiredo MB, de Carvalho Jr AA, Hennen PG, 2005. Catalog of the Species of Plant Rust Fungi (Uredinales) of Brazil. Available online