Pupilla paraturcmenica
| Pupilla paraturcmenica | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pupilla paraturcmenica | ||||||||||||
| Hlaváč & Pokryszko , 2009 |
Pupilla paraturcmenica is a species of snail from the family of pupae , which belongs to the subordinate class of land snails (Stylommatophora).
features
The right-hand winding, cylindrical, elongated-ovoid to low-ovoid housing is 2.53 to 3.77 mm high (mean (n = 86): 3.06, holotype: 3.27) and 1.53 to 1.90 mm broad (mean (n = 86): 1.74, holotype: 1.73). It has 5.6 to 6.5 turns, which are moderately to strongly curved on the periphery and are separated from each other by a more or less deep seam. The last turn does not or only slightly increases. The mouth is egg-shaped, the base slightly flattened. The lip is only slightly thickened and only bent outwards at the spindle edge and at the base. The attachment points of the lip to the previous turn are comparatively far apart. In the parietal area only a rudimentary callus is formed, which can also be completely absent. The neck bulge is missing on the outside. The navel is almost round and comparatively wide. The case is golden-brown or honey-colored, the surface shows very fine, radial ribs, which appear relatively sharp due to the periostracum combs. The ribs are somewhat irregular in height and orientation. Adjacent ribs often intertwine. The shell is rather thin and fragile, but is almost opaque due to the surface sculpture .
In the hermaphroditic genital apparatus, the spermatic duct (vas deferens) branches off early from the egg duct (sperm duct). It is slightly twisted and enters the epiphallus apically. This is slightly thickened at the point of entry, comparatively short, slightly thicker than the penis, but is only about a fifth the length of the penis. A short, conical and rather slender caecum starts at the junction between the epiphallus and the penis. The penis is long and slender. The penile appendix is almost the same length as the penis and epiphallus combined. The basal quarter is thickened. The remaining three quarters are initially thinner again and then end in a club-like shape. The penile retractor muscle divides into two strands. One strand starts at the epiphallus near the transition to the penis, the other strand starts at the end of the thickened first quarter of the penile appendix. The ovoviviparous animals form the male genitals back into thread-like structures.
Similar species
Pupilla paraturcmenica is similar to the two almost toothless species Pupilla turcmenica and Pupilla annandalei . Compared to Pupilla turcmenica, Pupilla paraturcmenica has more convex but fewer convolutions, no bulge in the neck, a wider and round navel, a thinner lip and a darker housing color. There are also differences in the genital system. Pupilla paraturcmenica has a longer caecum, a shorter epiphallus, a longer penile appendix and the attachment of the retractor muscle to the penis is closer to the caecum.
Also Pupilla annandalei has on the periphery weaker curved turns and the last turn rises quite abruptly. The lip is greatly thickened.
Geographical distribution and habitat
Pupilla paraturcmenica is only known from a few localities in the Skardu and Diamir districts in Gilgit-Baltistan ( Kashmir , Pakistan ).
The species lives there in open or semi-open habitats of different moisture regimes, mainly on metamorphic rocks between 2430 and 4280 m above sea level.
Way of life
The animals are ovoviviparous; d. H. the eggs are retained in the spermoviduct (uterus) until the embryos are fully developed. They leave the parent animal as fully developed young animals. Of four specimens examined, three had embryos in the spermoviduct, two specimens each had two differently developed embryos, and one specimen had an embryo. In three specimens, the male exits were atrophied. One specimen with fully developed male ducts also had an embryo in the spermoviduct.
Taxonomy
The species was first described in 2009 by Jaroslav Hlaváč and Beata Pokryszko . The type locality is in a birch grove and bushes in the Apo Brukh valley (3535 to 4280 m), 2 to 3.5 km west of Kande, Skardu district, Gilgit-Baltistan, Kashmir, Pakistan, coordinates: 35 ° 22'N, 76 ° 19'E at over 4000 m above sea level. The animals live there under stones and in the mud. The name alludes to the similarity with pupilla turcmenica .
literature
- Beata M. Pokryszko, Kurt Auffenberg, Jaroslav Č. Hlaváč, Fred Naggs: Pupilloidea of Pakistan (Gastropoda: Pulmonata): Truncatellininae, Vertigininae, Gastrocoptinae, Pupillinae (In Part). Annales Zoologici, 59 (4): 423-458, 2009 doi : 10.3161 / 000345409X484847