Pyrenees oak
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Pyrenean oak ( Quercus pyrenaica ) |
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| Quercus pyrenaica | ||||||||||||
| Willd. |
The Pyrenean oak ( Quercus pyrenaica ) is a species of the beech family (Fagaceae). It occurs in the western Mediterranean. Quercus pyrenaica was first described in 1805 by Carl Ludwig Willdenow , in Sp. Pl. , 4, p. 451.
description
The Pyrenean oak has an upright trunk and a broad crown. Some of the roots grow flat under the surface of the soil and can sprout. The bark is light gray and torn into fields.
It rarely reaches a height of 20 meters and usually grows in shrub form. The stocks of the Pyrenean oak are felled as firewood on average every 8 to 12 years. The Pyrenean oak forms numerous stick rashes after being felled , which can result in dense bushes.
The leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The densely hairy petiole has a length of 8 to 10 mm. At the base they are partially eyed, the leaf blade tapers in a wedge shape towards the stem. The leaf blade is gray-green and softly hairy on both sides. The leaves are about 13 to 15 cm long and 9 cm wide, six lobes can be seen on each side of the leaf blade. The middle lobes are about 2 cm wide and incised up to the middle of the side of the blade. The hairy underside of the leaf appears ash-gray, the bald upper side green. Dead leaves remain on the tree until the new leaves sprout in spring.
The Pyrenees oak, like all oak species, is single-sexed ( monoecious ). The yellowish, conspicuously drooping male inflorescences do not appear until the end of June.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
distribution
The Pyrenees oak is found in western France, Morocco, Portugal and Spain.
In the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula it is very common, in the other parts of Spain the occurrence is limited to a few mountain ranges. Despite its name, it is absent from the Pyrenees .
It tolerates acidic soils on silicate rock , drought and continental climate better than other oaks.
use
Since the Pyrenean oak easily sprouts from the roots, it is suitable for coppice forest management , where it provides wood and charcoal of excellent quality. In spring, the new shoots are eaten by grazing cattle, which helps prevent dehesas from overgrowing .
Occasionally, the pendula form of the Pyrenees oak is planted as an ornamental wood in parks and arboretums .
Leaves and pendulous catkins
Acorns of the Pyrenees oak
Gall apples on the Pyrenees oak
Individual evidence
- ^ Flora Europaea - Online.
- ↑ a b c d e Junta de Castilla y Léon, Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Ordenación del Territorio: Los Arboles de Castilla y León . Series Cuadernos de Medio Ambiente , brochure undated,
- ↑ a b c d Alan Mitchell: The forest and park trees of Europe . 2nd edition 1979, Verlag Paul Parey, ISBN 3-490-05918-2
- ↑ Quercus pyrenaica at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Tela Botanica: Quercus pyrenaica Willd. ( Memento of the original from September 20, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . with distribution map for France
- ↑ GRIN: Quercus pyrenaica Willd.
- ↑ C. Acedo: Taxonomía del Genéro Quercus L. Especies presentes en la Península Ibérica ( Memento of the original of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (with distribution map for Iberian Peninsula)
