Qutb-ud-Din Aibak

Qutb-ud-Din Aibak (* around 1150 ; † 1210 in Lahore ) was the founder of the Sultanate of Delhi and the so-called slave dynasty ( Urdu غلام خاندان; English: Mamluk Dynasty ), who ruled there until 1290.

Life

Qutb-ud-Din Aibak was a slave from Turkistan who, as a stable master ( Amir-i-Akhur ) and in other functions in the service of Muhammad of Ghurs in the years after the Second Battle of Tarain (1192), played an important role in the conquest of northern India had the Ghurids and was installed there by Mohammed von Ghur in 1206 as a deputy. Mohammed was murdered in the same year, whereupon Qutb-ud-Din Aibak and other military leaders in the regions they had conquered and ruled, broke away from the Ghurids and declared themselves independent. Qutb-ud-Din Aibak did not initially claim the title “ Sultan“, But his way led straight there. In the following years he and his military leaders succeeded in subjugating the other sultanates ( Ghazni , Multan and Bengal ), but after only four years of rule he died of an accident while playing polo in 1210. His mausoleum, which was renovated in the 1970s, is located in Lahore .

Succession

Qutb-ud-Din Aibak mausoleum, Lahore

Qutb-ud-Din Aibak probably had no male successor; he was followed by Aram Shah as Sultan of Delhi, who is seen by some as the son or brother of Aibak, but who was defeated and expelled a year later by Iltutmish , Aibak's son-in-law.

buildings

The buildings initiated by Qutb-ud-Din Aibak as early as 1193 include the Adhai-din-ka-Jhonpra Mosque in Ajmer and the Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque in Delhi , which are largely made from the reused stone material ( Spolia ) destroyed Hindu temples were built; In addition, it is associated with the start of construction of the Qutub Minar in Delhi, which is scheduled to begin around 1203. This refers to Afghan traditions ( minarets of Ghazni and Jam ), but clearly exceeds them in size and height.

literature

• Peter Jackson: The Delhi Sultanate. A Political and Military History. Cambridge University Press, 1999, ISBN 978-0-521-40477-8 .
• Hermann Kulke , Dietmar Rothermund : History of India. From the Indus culture to today . 2nd improved and updated edition. Beck, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-406-43338-3 ( Beck's historical library ), pp. 207, 214-217.

Web links

Commons : Qutb-ud-din-Aibak-Mausoleum  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Qutb-ud-Din Aibak - Information (English)
• Qutb-ud-Din-Aibak-Mausoleum - photo + information (English)

predecessor	Office	successor
––	Sultan of Delhi ( slave dynasty ) 1206–1210	Aram Shah