Raisch (desert)

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Raisch
Hörmannsdorf municipality
Coordinates: 49 ° 14 ′ 8 ″  N , 11 ° 44 ′ 18 ″  E
Height : 510 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 42  (1950)

Raisch is a deserted area in the Hohenfels military training area in the Neumarkt district in Upper Palatinate in Bavaria .

Geographical location

The desert is in the Upper Palatinate Jura of the Franconian Alb at 510 m above sea ​​level in the corridor between the elevations Raischer Berg (591 m above sea level), Hummelberg (590 m above sea level), Muschenberg (597 m above sea level), Steiniger Berg (608 m above sea level) and Pfeifenspitz (584 m above sea level).

traffic

Historically, Raisch could be reached via the Riechterweg from the southwest, the Herrrmannsdorferweg from the southeast and the Geroldseerweg and the Oberen Gschwanderweg from the northeast.

history

Raisch is mentioned for the first time in the land register of the Benedictine monastery Kastl from around 1325; the monastery had 5 hubs there . High Court- the hamlet was under the Office Velburg . In the 16th century, the monastery and the office fought over jurisdiction over the courts; after all, around 1600 the monastery only owned three estates in the hamlet. At that time, the Lutzmannstein lordship also owned Raisch, so that the border between the Velburg and Lutzmannstein rulers ran through the hamlet.

At the end of the Old Kingdom , around 1800, Raisch consisted of eight properties under the Velburg office, namely two entire courtyards belonging to the subjects Möhringer (Mehringer still there in 1876) and Knoll, a quarter courtyard, two “Gütl” and three “Häusl”; there was also a community shepherd's house.

In the new Kingdom of Bavaria (1806), tax districts were initially formed from several locations each, including Hörmannsdorf in the Parsberg district court with the locations Hörmannsdorf, Breitenthal , Holzheim , Kühnhausen , Raisch, Eichensee and Weiherstetten . With the second Gemeindeedikt of 1818 was Raisch for Rural community Ronsolden added. The hamlet left this and became a district of the Hörmannsdorf community on January 1, 1946. This municipality was incorporated into the city of Velburg on January 1, 1972 as part of the regional reform in Bavaria . The district of Raisch had already been cleared by October 1, 1951 in the course of the formation of the military training area for US and NATO troops and is now a desert without any surface traces.

Raisch's children had been going to school in the parish of Hörmannsdorf since the 19th century at the latest , where the teacher was both sacristan and cantor around 1835.

Population and number of buildings

  • 1836 40 inhabitants, 8 houses in "Reisch",
  • 1867 53 inhabitants, 22 buildings,
  • 1871 44 inhabitants, 23 buildings, in 1873 with a large herd of 6 horses and 40 head of cattle,
  • 1900 32 inhabitants, 7 residential buildings,
  • 1925 42 inhabitants, 6 residential buildings,
  • 1937 43 inhabitants (Catholics),
  • 1950 42 inhabitants, 6 residential buildings.

Church conditions

Raisch was in the district of the Catholic parish Hörmannsdorf in the Berching district of the Eichstätt diocese . In 1540 the Reformation was introduced under Pfalz-Neuburg ; the recatholicization took place 1618. 1584 the chapel was "received" to Raisch already.

Architectural monuments

In the Raisch desert, medieval and early modern findings have been preserved underground. They are entered in the list of monuments of the Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments under D-3-6736-0066.

literature

  • Manfred Jehle: Parsberg. Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, issue 51 , Munich 1981
  • Franz Xaver Buchner : The diocese of Eichstätt. Volume I, Eichstätt: Brönner & Däntler, 1937

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jehle, p. 240
  2. ↑ Jehle, p. 256
  3. ↑ Jehle, p. 265
  4. ↑ Jehle, p. 286
  5. ↑ Jehle, p. 483
  6. ↑ Jehle, p. 533
  7. ↑ Jehle, p. 544
  8. ↑ Jehle, p. 551
  9. ↑ Th. D. Popp (Ed.): Register of the Bissthumes Eichstätt . Eichstätt: Ph. Brönner, 1836, p. 80
  10. ↑ Popp, p. 80
  11. ↑ Joseph Heyberger: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary , Munich 1867, Col. 798
  12. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 981 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
  13. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 904 ( digitized version ).
  14. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 912 ( digitized version ).
  15. ↑ Buchner I, p. 530
  16. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 781 ( digitized version ).
  17. ↑ Popp, p. 80
  18. ↑ Buchner I, p. 526
  19. ^ Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments: Upper Palatinate District. District of Neumarkt idOPf. City of Velburg. Ground monuments - as of April 25, 2020 , p. 21