Tendril

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Ranke rung of cucumber ( Cucumis sativus )

In plants, tendrils or cirrhus are the transformations of shoot axes , leaves or leaf parts that are stem-shaped or thread-shaped and cling to a substrate by wrapping around it. Tendrils are sensitive to touch and react to a touch stimulus with curving and winding movements. Climbing plants are a subgroup of climbing plants .

Tendrils from shoot axes form, for example, the grapevine ( Vitis ), those from leaves the pumpkins ( Cucurbita ), from the upper leaves the vine pea ( Lathyrus aphaca ), from the leaves the vetch ( Vicia ), and from the leaf spindles the clematis ( Clematis vitalba) ).

Tendrils as an ornament

Ornament: unspecific floral scrollwork in the form of a quatrefoil

Plant tendrils are used as ornaments in a variety of ways, in all cultures and at all times: from foliage such as ancient volutes in combination with acanthus , palmettes and lotus ornaments , vine tendrils ( vignette in printing) and fleurons , arabesques and Mauresques , baroque rocailles to entwined with winds , as they were modern in Art Nouveau . Tendrils are interesting both in terms of art history ( stylistics ) and in heraldry . The volute tendril is a special form of tendril .

  • Vine decoration on a Romanesque font (approx. 1200)

  • The Golden Bull , front page, Master of the Wenceslas Workshop, 1400 (copy)

  • Color-embossed cover of the first edition of Ben-Hur : A Tale of the Christ by Lew Wallace , 1880

  • Pseudofloral, fractal spiral tendril , 2007

literature

  • Franz Sales Meyer : Handbook of ornamentation. Seemann, Leipzig 1927, repr. Seemann, Leipzig 1986.
  • G. Bandmann: Iconology of ornament and decoration. In: Yearbook of Aesthetics and General Art History 4, 1958/59.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gerhard Wagenitz : Dictionary of Botany. Morphology, anatomy, taxonomy, evolution. 2nd, expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-937872-94-0 , p. 271.
  2. ^ A b Manfred A. Fischer , Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 67.
  3. ↑ Entry: Ornament . In: The large art dictionary by PW Hartmann , beyars.com

Web links

Commons : tendrils  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Ranke  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations