Raschwitz
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Raschwitz
Large district town of Markkleeberg
Coordinates: 51 ° 17 ′ 10 " N , 12 ° 22 ′ 33" E
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| Area : | 55 ha | |
| Incorporation : | 1915 | |
| Incorporated into: | Oetzsch-Markkleeberg | |
| Postal code : | 04416 | |
| Area code : | 0341 | |
Location of Raschwitz in Saxony |
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Raschwitz is a district of the town of Markkleeberg in the Leipzig district . It is a purely residential area in the north of the city with consistently villa-like buildings. The agra-Park, laid out in the style of the English landscape garden , offers recreational opportunities for residents and guests .
location
Raschwitz is the northernmost part of Markkleeberg. It is bounded in the east by the Pleiße , in the south by Parkstrasse, in the west by Koburger Strasse and in the north by the Auenwald . Neighboring towns in the north and east are the Leipzig districts Connewitz and Dölitz , in the south and west the Markkleeberg districts Oetzsch and Gautzsch .
history
Before the development, today's Raschwitz was the floodplain of the Pleiße. It was not only flowed through by the Pleiße, but also by its former tributary, the Jungfernlache , which today is only preserved as an oxbow northwest of Raschwitz.
After a Rodeswicz was mentioned in 1378 and in 1457 there was still talk of a village Raschewitz and its Vorwerk, in 1696 only the Vorwerk existed. The lordship over it was obtained by the council of the city of Leipzig in 1457 from the feudal lords von Maltitz , but sold Raschwitz again in 1630 (following owners: Georg Schmied, the von Kühlewein family, Gottfried von Lindenau) in order to purchase it again in 1779. Now the council of the city of Leipzig has set up a wine and coffee shop as an excursion restaurant.
The restaurant must have had a very exclusive level, because a contemporary watercolor around 1820 with fashionably dressed visitors is entitled “Stiffness and Hoffahrt in Raschwitz”. The Privy Councilor Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was there on May 11, 1800.
In 1835, the owner of the Hôtel de Pologne in Leipzig, Christian August Pusch, bought the property and expanded the restaurant. In 1842 the Leipzig – Hof railway line was built across the Raschwitz area. Until 1856, Raschwitz was part of the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon District Office in Leipzig . From 1856 the place belonged to the court office Leipzig II and from 1875 to the administrative authority Leipzig . In 1864 Raschwitz merged with the southern neighboring town of Oetzsch .
In 1889 the estate changed hands again. Erich Walter Kees, a descendant of the postmaster Johann Jakob Kees , bought it from Pusch's heirs, had the entire building demolished and a representative manor was built by the Leipzig architect Peter Dybwad . He had the land area of the property parceled out for development and new roads and locks built. In 1893, Carl Victor Lampe-Vischer, heir of the wealthy Leipzig merchant Carl Lampe , and the newspaper publisher Paul Herfurth acquired large areas, Lampe-Vischer in the northern part with the manor house and Herfurth in the south, mainly meadow land.
After Lampe-Vischer's death, his son had the manor house torn down in 1907 and in 1911/12 Erich Walter Voigt built a new neoclassical building perpendicular to the old one, as well as creating a park. The water supply tower was also built on the site, from which the street leading to the property was named (tower view). In 1933 the mansion was divided into apartments.
Herfurth had a landscape park laid out on its site, which over the years has developed into one of the most beautiful private parks in Saxony. In addition to other buildings, the family's summer residence, the White House , was built on the highest point of the complex in 1897 , reminiscent of the Petit Trianon in Versailles . In the 1920s, he also acquired parts of the park from Lampe-Vischer and expanded the area over the Pleiße to the Dölitz site. After the expropriation of the Herfurth family in 1945, the horticultural exhibition moved into the Raschwitz part of the park in 1948 and, from 1953, covered the entire park as an agricultural exhibition . At the beginning of the 1970s, due to the lignite mining, the Pleiße was straightened in the park area and a 360 meter long elevated road was drawn across the park to accommodate the trunk roads F2 and F95. Since the fall of the Wall , the recreational character of the park has been in the foreground again, especially on the Raschwitz side.
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After the Raschwitz excursion restaurant in the manor had ceased to exist in 1889, the Forsthaus Raschwit z restaurant opened on Koburger Strasse in 1898 and took over the licensing rights from the former manor. After closings during the inflation period and after the fall of the Wall, the forester's house has been a popular destination again since 1997.
In 1902, Raschwitz was connected to the Leipzig tram network via Leipziger Außenbahn AG . Since the closure of the southern section of line 9 to Markkleeberg-West, no trams have been running in Raschwitz since November 29, 2015.
In the 1920s, Raschwitz became more and more an elegant villa suburb of Leipzig. Among other things, a country house for the Leipzig General Director of Thuringian Gas AG Carl Westphal, today's Westphalsche Haus, was created by the architect Paul Schultze-Naumburg on Dölitzer Strasse on land acquired by Lampe-Vischer . Villas and single-family houses were built in the “Herrenhaussiedlung” and west of the railway line in the “Am Obstgarten” and “Lumbsch” areas.
From 1915, Oetzsch and Raschwitz and the neighboring Markkleeberg to the east formed the joint municipality of Oetzsch-Markkleeberg, which was merged into the newly founded town of Markkleeberg in 1934.
Attractions
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(see sights in Markkleeberg )
The main attraction in Raschwitz is the agra-Park with the White House, which contains design elements such as ponds, paths and buildings from the Herfurth period as well as those from the agricultural exhibitions, here mainly sculptures.
Also worth seeing in Raschwitz are the numerous villas in a wide variety of styles, such as B. neoclassical (Lößniger Straße 2), wooden house in Nordic log construction (Lößniger Straße 12), rural villa (Hauptstraße 6) or in the style of Northern Italian Renaissance villas (Hauptstraße 10).
Web links
- Raschwitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Individual evidence
- ^ Raschwitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ a b Chronicle of Raschwitz on the website of the city of Markkleeberg .
- ↑ Goethe: Briefe , Volume 2, p. 69
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 60 f.
- ↑ The Amtshauptmannschaft Leipzig in the municipal register 1900
- ↑ Andreas Höhn: Reichsgericht and Gartenstadt, Peter Dybwad - a Norwegian in Leipzig , Leipziger Blätter No. 54, 2009, p. 15
- ^ Raschwitz villa district on the website of the city of Markkleeberg