Rough clover

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Rough clover
Rough clover (Trifolium scabrum)

Rough clover ( Trifolium scabrum )

Systematics
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Genre : Clover ( trifolium )
Section : Trifolium
Type : Rough clover
Scientific name
Trifolium scabrum
L.

The rough clover ( Trifolium scabrum ) is a member of the legume family (Fabaceae) from the subfamily of the butterflies (Faboideae), which is very rare in Central Europe. It is placed in the genus in the Trifolium section , Scabroidea subsection .

description

The rough clover is an annual herbaceous plant that usually grows 8 to 15 cm high . The hairy stem grows prostrate to usually ascending and is branched from the base. The leaves are inverted heart-shaped, ovoid or oblong-wedge-shaped. They have thickened, curved side nerves on the small sawn edge. The stipules are egg-shaped and pointed.

The approximately 1 cm long, egg-shaped flower head is sessile. The calyx is cylindrical at the time of fruiting and has lanceolate, rigid and recurved teeth. The calyx tube is cylindrical and hairy only between the nerves. The 4 to 5 mm long crown is colored white or pale red. It is at most as long as the chalice.

The rough clover blooms in Central Europe mainly in the months May to July.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 10 or 12.

Occurrence

The rough clover occurs from Western Europe across the Mediterranean area to Western Asia. It can also be found in the Azores and the Canary Islands. It reaches the northern border of its area in Central Europe .

In Germany the species is very rare and threatened with extinction. It occurs only in the southern Upper Rhine Valley between Basel, Freiburg and Strasbourg; it has not been proven on Bergstrasse since 1950. In Switzerland, Trifolium scabrum is also very rarely found in the Jura , Western Central Plateau , Western Northern Alps and Ticino regions , while the species is completely absent in Austria.

The rough clover needs lime-rich, shallow, stony loam soil that can be poor in humus. In Central Europe it populates gaps in dry grass , between rocks on steep slopes and cracks in the earth on paths and embankments. In Central Europe it is a character species of Cerastietum pumili from the Alysso-Sedion association, but occurs in southern Europe mainly in societies of the Thero-Brachypodion association.

It is one of the Central European clover species that can endure the most drought.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 , p. 872 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Trifolium scabrum at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  2. ↑ a b c Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 2 : Yew family to butterfly family . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X , p. 466 .
  3. ↑ a b Trifolium scabrum. In: FloraWeb.de.
  4. ↑ Trifolium scabrum. In: Info Flora (the national data and information center for Swiss flora).
  5. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  595 .

Web links

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