Rock heads
Rock heads | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pointed Rough Head ( Cortinarius rubellus ). |
||||||||||||
Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Cortinarius subg. Leprocybe | ||||||||||||
MMMoser |
The rock heads also rock heads ( Leprocybe ) are mushrooms that form a sub-genus of the Schleierlinge ( Cortinarius ). Some species are deadly poisonous.
Typical of the rock heads are the dry, usually non-hygrophanic hats and the fluorescent substances usually contained in the fruiting bodies , which glow yellow to yellow-green, blue-green or blue under UV light .
description
- The surface of the hat is velvety, fine-grained to tomentose-scaly. The shape is hemispherical to arched, some species are more or less hunched. There are yellow, olive-yellow to olive-green, orange or rust-red tones in the hat color and in the rest of the mushroom body.
- The stem is usually colored very similar to the hat. He is belted, rattled, banded or zoned.
- The lamellas are usually bulged. Their color is similar to that of the hat, but is drowned out by the rust tone of the spores when the spores ripen.
- The meat is usually lighter in color, but with the same colors as the hat and stem.
- The rock heads are usually inconspicuous in terms of smell . The taste - as far as known - is mild to slightly bitter.
- The color of the spore powder is rusty brown.
Microscopic features
- The spores are round to elliptical. The surface is covered with fine warts.
- The hyphae of the hat cover layer are 10–20 μm wide.
determination
The color of the lamellas is important for determining the species. Other distinguishing features are the color and texture of the hat surface and the trees (mycorrhizal partners) at the location of the fungus.
Occurrence
The rock heads grow exclusively on earth in the deciduous or coniferous forest. The time of publication is mainly from autumn to late autumn.
Edible value and toxicity
The rock heads are without food value. The yellow or red to orange-colored species are poisonous or suspect. Two particularly toxic species are the orange-foxed rough head ( Cortinarius orellanus ) and the pointed hunched rough head ( Cortinarius rubellus ), which contain even small amounts of lethal doses of orellanin , which in the event of poisoning leads to the orellanus syndrome , which is often fatal.
Systematics
The rock heads are sometimes divided into the following sections:
- Legrocybe section : more olive to olive yellow colors
- Section Orellani and Limonei : more yellow to orange-foxy colors
Types (selection)
- Red-scaled rough head ( Cortinarius bolaris )
- Brown-neted Rough Head ( Cortinarius melanotus )
- Orange-foxed rough head ( Cortinarius orellanus )
- Pointed rough head ( Cortinarius rubellus )
- Green coniferous forest ruff ( Cortinarius venetus var. Montanus )
literature
- Marcel Bon: Parey's book of mushrooms , Kosmos (Franckh-Kosmos), 2005. ISBN 3440099709
Web links
- Generic description of the roughheads
- Overview of different types of rough heads (with pictures)
- Ünal Bussaglia: genus Cortinarius (Fr.) (hair veils). (PDF, 193 kB) Archived from the original on October 13, 2007 ; Retrieved April 2, 2013 .